Content of taurine and other free amino acids in milk of goats bred in Italy

Tripaldi, C.; Martillotti, F.; Terramoccia, S.

doi:10.1016/s0921-4488(98)00095-9

Cited by 25 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The four most abundant amino acids in goat milk powders were taurine, glycine, glutamic acid and glutamine, confirming reports of Mehaia & Al-Kanhal (1992) and Tripaldi et al (1998) for fresh goat milk. This is very similar to the pattern in human milk, for which the three most abundant free amino acids are listed as glutamic acid, taurine and alanine (Donnovan & Lonnerdal 1989;Mehaia & -Kanhal, 1992;Agostoni et al 2000;Ferreira 2003;Chuang et al 2005) with either serine (Chuang et al 2005), glycine (Donnovan & Lonnerdal 1989) or glutamine (Mehaia & Al-Kanhal 1992;Agostoni et al 2000) listed as the fourth.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Whole milk powders made from goat milk from New Zealand have an average 8.1% of total nitrogen as non-protein nitrogen, in keeping with levels reported in unprocessed goat milk (Mehaia & Al-Kanhal 1992;Hadjipanayiotou 1995;Tripaldi et al 1998;García-Ruiz et al 2000). Our results further show that both infant formula and follow-on formula made from goat milk contains 10 and 9% of total nitrogen as non-protein nitrogen, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

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Composition of the non-protein nitrogen fraction of goat whole milk powder and goat milk-based infant and follow-on formulae

Prosser

McLaren

Frost

et al. 2008

International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition

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The non-protein nitrogen fraction of goat whole milk powder and of infant and follow-on formulae made from goat milk was characterized and compared with cow milk powder and formulae. Goat milk infant formula contained 10% non-protein nitrogen, expressed as a proportion of total nitrogen, compared with 7.1% for cow milk formula. Goat follow-on formula contained 9.3% and cow 7.4% non-protein nitrogen. Urea, at 30%, was quantitatively the most abundant component of the non-protein nitrogen fraction of goat milk and formulae, followed by free amino acids at 7%. Taurine, glycine and glutamic acid were the most abundant free amino acids in goat milk powders. Goat milk infant formula contained 4 mg/100 ml total nucleotide monophosphates, all derived from the goat milk itself. Goat milk has a very different profile of the non-protein nitrogen fraction to cow milk, with several constituents such as nucleotides at concentrations approaching those in human breast milk.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Composition of the non-protein nitrogen fraction of goat whole milk powder and goat milk-based infant and follow-on formulae

Prosser

McLaren

Frost

et al. 2008

International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition

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“…The level of milk production depends on the breed (Prasad and Sengar, 2002). Some reports state that the breed of goats also has an effect on the quality of produced cheese, its sensory value and fatty acid concentration (Tripaldi et al, 1998;Pizzillo et al, 2005). In contrast, other authors have indicated that there was no signifi cant effect of breed on cheese composition, sensory scores, and fatty acid concentrations except for that of oleic acid (Soryal et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors of variation influencing production level, SCC and basic milk composition in dairy goats

Olechnowicz¹,

Sobek²

2008

J. Anim. Feed Sci.

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Milk yield in goats was infl uenced by environmental conditions connected with the calendar year. Daily milk production was observed to decrease with progressing lactation, while an increase was observed in SCC, as well as percentage fat and protein contents, while the lactose content in milk decreased. No signifi cant infl uence was found of birth type, number of kids born or reared on the qualitative and quantitative parameters of milk yield and lactation duration. Goats in their fi fth and further lactations produced over 15% milk less compared with fi gures recorded in a mediumsized fl ock (248.9 and 2942.3 ml, respectively). Goat milk contained almost 67% more somatic cells (log 6.099 and log 5.877, i.e. 1260 × 10 3 and 755 × 10 3 cells/ml).

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“…Seven goat's milk samples were analyzed and the taurine content ranged from 46 to 91 mg/L. As reported by Tripaldi et al [32], such a range is most likely the consequence of different goat breeds. Samples from buffalo's milk exhibited a lower concentration of taurine (≤23 mg/L).…”

Section: Methods Validationmentioning

confidence: 71%

Improved determination of taurine by high-performance anion-exchange chromatography with integrated pulsed amperometric detection (HPAEC-IPAD)

Cataldi

Telesca

2004

Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry

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The advantages of the high selectivity of high-performance anion-exchange chromatography (HPAEC) and the sensitive response of taurine at a gold electrode with integrated pulsed amperometric detection (IPAD) have been combined, in order to establish a new analytical method for its determination in real matrices. Potential-time settings of the potential waveform were optimized in order to get the highest amperometric response. The separation of taurine in milk samples was achieved using an alkaline eluent (100 mM NaOH) containing 1 mM Ba(OAc)(2) and a column temperature of 15 degrees C. The inherent merits of using a barium-modified eluent, in terms of taurine separation and detection, are demonstrated. The enhancement in sensitivity under these experimental conditions makes it suitable for taurine determination in milk. Indeed, this method allows high recovery of taurine and satisfies the necessary requirements with respect to accuracy, repeatability and sensitivity with a detection limit of 50 nmol/L, which corresponds to 2.5 pmol. The taurine content in milk samples of some common mammals was evaluated, including human milk. In goat's milk, the taurine content ranged from 46 to 91 mg/L, whereas human and buffalo milk samples exhibited an average content of 18 mg/L and 23 mg/L, respectively.

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Content of taurine and other free amino acids in milk of goats bred in Italy

Cited by 25 publications

References 19 publications

Composition of the non-protein nitrogen fraction of goat whole milk powder and goat milk-based infant and follow-on formulae

Composition of the non-protein nitrogen fraction of goat whole milk powder and goat milk-based infant and follow-on formulae

Factors of variation influencing production level, SCC and basic milk composition in dairy goats

Improved determination of taurine by high-performance anion-exchange chromatography with integrated pulsed amperometric detection (HPAEC-IPAD)

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