Content Determination of Aniracetam in Aniracetam Inclusion Complex by HPLC

Li, Yongjian; Hu, Dejian; Sun, Yong

doi:10.1080/10731190902908387

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…FTIR has been used successfully in the past to characterize cyclodextrin inclusion complexes [24,37]. In the present study, the FTIR spectrum for HP-β-CD has good similarity to the spectrum produced by the inclusion complex, and this is often recorded in similar characterization studies using cyclodextrins as host molecules [37].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…In addition to their solubility enhancing effects, cyclodextrins have also been reported to improve the bioavailability and stability of susceptible drugs with minimal toxicity and irritation [21,22], with 2-hydroxylpropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) being favored [23]. There is one account of aniracetam being incorporated into a 2,6-dimethyl-β-cyclodextrin [24]. However, the study was not based on the premise to investigate subsequent formulation design [24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is one account of aniracetam being incorporated into a 2,6-dimethyl-β-cyclodextrin [24]. However, the study was not based on the premise to investigate subsequent formulation design [24]. There were no records of a phase solubility profile or methods of incorporation used in the study, failing to confirm whether or not the formulation used contained precipitates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Designing a Formulation of the Nootropic Drug Aniracetam Using 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-Cyclodextrin Suitable for Parenteral Administration

Goldsmith

McDowell

2018

Pharmaceutics

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The nootropic drug aniracetam is greatly limited in its application by low aqueous solubility and a poor oral bioavailability. The primary aim of this study was to design a parenteral formulation of aniracetam that can be administered intravenously. Complexation of aniracetam with 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) was investigated as a strategy to enhance solubility. A phase solubility analysis was performed to quantify the extent of improvement. An 819% increase in the solubility of aniracetam was obtained, reaching 36.44 mg/mL. This marked increase enables aniracetam to exist in an aqueous solvent at levels sufficient for parenteral dosing. A stability test was then devised using a design of experiment approach. The aniracetam-HP-β-CD formulation was subjected to different relative humidity and temperature and cyclodextrin concentrations over a 12-week period. Key changes in FTIR vibrational frequencies suggest the benzene moiety of aniracetam was introduced into the hydrophobic cavity of HP-β-CD. These results are highly supportive of the formation of a predictable 1:1 molar stoichiometric inclusion complex, explaining the improvement seen in physiochemical properties of aniracetam following formulation with HP-β-CD. This novel formulation of aniracetam suitable for parenteral administration will have utility in future studies to further elucidate the pharmacokinetics of this drug.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Designing a Formulation of the Nootropic Drug Aniracetam Using 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-Cyclodextrin Suitable for Parenteral Administration

Goldsmith

McDowell

2018

Pharmaceutics

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Spectrofluorimetric study on fluorescence quenching of tyrosine and l‐tryptophan by the aniracetam cognition enhancer drug: quenching mechanism using Stern–Volmer and double‐log plots

et al. 2020

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A novel approach on fluorescence quenching of tyrosine and l‐tryptophan is presented for spectrofluorimetric determination of aniracetam in drug substances and products. The quenching mechanism was investigated using Stern–Volmer plots and ultraviolet spectra figures of quencher–fluorophore mixtures. Binding constant and stoichiometry were calculated using double‐log plots. The spectrofluorimetric method was optimized for the experimental conditions affecting fluorescence quenching including fluorophore concentration, diluent, and reaction time. Moreover, the pH‐rate profile of aniracetam was studied using simple kinetics and found to be stable within the pH range 5–8. Fluorescence quenching of tyrosine and l‐tryptophan were observed on addition of aniracetam in aqueous medium at pH 5.5–6.5. Aniracetam quenched the fluorescence of tyrosine and l‐tryptophan in the concentration range 1–20 μg/ml and 0.3–20 μg/ml, respectively, with binomial relationships between quenching values (ΔF) and aniracetam concentration. Limits of detection were found to be 0.10 μg/ml for tyrosine–aniracetam and 0.14 μg/ml for l‐tryptophan–aniracetam. Method validation was performed as per ICH guidelines and demonstrated that the developed spectrofluorimetric method was accurate, precise, specific, and suitable for analysis of aniracetam in routine quality control laboratories. All experimental materials and solvents used are eco‐friendly, indicating that the cited spectrofluorimetric procedure is an excellent green method.

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Development and validation of a liquid chromatographic method for the simultaneous determination of aniracetam and its related substances in the bulk drug and a tablet formulation

Papandreou

Zorpas

Archontaki

2011

Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis

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Content Determination of Aniracetam in Aniracetam Inclusion Complex by HPLC

Cited by 4 publications

References 6 publications

Designing a Formulation of the Nootropic Drug Aniracetam Using 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-Cyclodextrin Suitable for Parenteral Administration

Designing a Formulation of the Nootropic Drug Aniracetam Using 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-Cyclodextrin Suitable for Parenteral Administration

Spectrofluorimetric study on fluorescence quenching of tyrosine and l‐tryptophan by the aniracetam cognition enhancer drug: quenching mechanism using Stern–Volmer and double‐log plots

Development and validation of a liquid chromatographic method for the simultaneous determination of aniracetam and its related substances in the bulk drug and a tablet formulation

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