Contemporary management of ovarian germ cell tumors and remaining controversies

Veneris, Jennifer; Mahajan, Priya; Frazier, A. Lindsay

doi:10.1016/j.ygyno.2020.05.007

Cited by 28 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Ovarian GCT originate from the primitive germ cell of the embryonic gonad and account for around 1-2% of all ovarian cancer [5][6][7]. GCT are diagnosed principally in the first three decades of life.…”

Section: Ovarian Gctmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The World Health Organisation (WHO) has classified ovarian GCT histologically into three categories-primitive GCT, teratomas and monodermal and somatic-type tumours arising from dermoid cysts. These are summarised in Table 1 [2,5,9,10]. GCTs differ to EOC with their earlier age of incidence, faster rate of growth, unilateral localisation (95% of cases) and good prognosis [11][12][13].…”

Section: Ovarian Gctmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…GCTs differ to EOC with their earlier age of incidence, faster rate of growth, unilateral localisation (95% of cases) and good prognosis [11][12][13]. Teratomas are a common GCT with the majority characterised as having mature differentiated tissues [5]. Mature teratomas are benign in all females regardless of age, whereas immature teratomas are malignant and grading is significant prognostically [2,5].…”

Section: Ovarian Gctmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Teratomas are a common GCT with the majority characterised as having mature differentiated tissues [5]. Mature teratomas are benign in all females regardless of age, whereas immature teratomas are malignant and grading is significant prognostically [2,5]. Grading of immature teratomas is from 1 to 3 and measured by the amount of immature neuroepithelial tissue per low power field [5].…”

Section: Ovarian Gctmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Non-Epithelial Ovarian Cancers: How Much Do We Really Know?

Cheung

Shah

Parker

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Non-epithelial ovarian cancers (NEOC) are a group of uncommon malignancies that mainly includes germ cell tumours (GCT), sex cord-stromal tumours (SCST), and some extremely rare tumours, such as small cell carcinomas and sarcomas. Each of these classifications encompasses multiple histologic subtypes. The aetiology and molecular origins of each sub-group of NEOC require further investigation, and our understanding on the genetic changes should be optimised. In this article, we provide an update on the clinical presentation, pathology, genetics, treatment and survival of the main histological subtypes of the GCT and the SCST, as well as of ovarian small cell carcinomas. We also discuss miRNA expression profiles of NEOC and report the currently active clinical trials that include NEOC.

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Section: Ovarian Gctmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ovarian Gctmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ovarian Gctmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ovarian Gctmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Non-Epithelial Ovarian Cancers: How Much Do We Really Know?

Cheung

Shah

Parker

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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“…Ovarian cancer is a malignant tumor disease occurring in the ovaries, 1 and this disease can occur at any age. 2 For example, germ ovarian cancer is common in women under the age of 20, 3 while borderline tumors tend to occur in women between the ages of 30 and 40. 4 Overall, the vast majority of ovarian cancer occurs in women over age 50.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exosomal lncRNA ATB Derived from Ovarian Cancer Cells Promotes Angiogenesis via Regulating miR-204-3p/TGFβR2 Axis

Yuan

Guo

Zhu

et al. 2022

CMAR

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Background Ovarian cancer is a life-threatening disease with a high mortality rate in women. Our previous work presented that long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) activated by transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) (lncRNA ATB) played a role of oncogene in ovarian cancer. However, whether exosomal lncRNA ATB from ovarian cancer cells could regulate the tumorigenesis of ovarian cancer remains unclear. Methods RT-qPCR assay was performed to evaluate the level of lncRNA ATB in cancer cells (SKOV3 and A2780). In addition, ovarian cancer cells-secreted exosomes were collected with ultracentrifugation. CCK8 assay was performed to detect the viability of ovarian cells and HUVECs. Meanwhile, Western blot was performed to detect the expression of mechanism related protein and tube formation assay was used to observe the angiogenesis of HUVECs. Finally, xenograft mice model was used to verify the role of ovarian cancer cell-derived exosomes in vivo. Results Ovarian cancer cells-derived exosomes promoted the viability, angiogenesis and migration of HUVECs; however, knockdown of lncRNA ATB in HUVECs reversed these phenomena. In addition, exosomal lncRNA ATB promoted the tumorigenesis of ovarian cancer via regulating miR-204-3p/TGFβR2 axis. Furthermore, ovarian cancer cells-secreted exosomal lncRNA ATB increased tumor growth in vivo. Conclusion Exosomal lncRNA ATB derived from ovarian cancer cells could improve tumor microenvironment via regulating miR-204-3p/TGFβR2 axis. Thus, this study might provide new knowledge for the treatment of ovarian cancer.

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Late mortality reduction among survivors of germ cell tumors in childhood and adolescence in Europe: A report from the PanCareSurFup cohort

Trama

Bernasconi

Botta

et al. 2022

Pediatric Blood & Cancer

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Background Data on late mortality from pediatric germ cell tumors (GCTs) are limited to small case series. Our population‐based study aimed to investigate excess risk of death in survivors of GCT in childhood and adolescence, whether long‐term mortality changed over time and by period of diagnosis. Methods The PanCare Childhood and Adolescent Cancer Survivor Care and Follow‐Up Studies (PanCareSurFup) cohort includes 2773 five‐year survivors diagnosed under 21 years of age with gonadal and extragonadal GCT (from 1940 to 2008). We calculated standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) and absolute excess risks (AERs). We fitted a Cox's model to assess the impact of treatment period. We estimated 10‐year survival and calculated average percentage changes between periods of diagnosis (1970–1979, 1980–1989, 1990–1999) to assess whether late mortality decreased. Results GCT survivors had an almost four‐fold excess risk of dying compared to general population. The risk of death for patients treated after 1980 was nearly halved compared to patients treated before 1980. Survivors diagnosed in 1990–1999 had a 10‐year survival rate of 99%, which was 2.4% and 1.1% higher than for patients treated in 1970–1979 and 1980–1989, respectively. Conclusions This is the largest population‐based study in Europe and showed a decrease in long‐term mortality for survivors of GCTs in childhood and adolescence over the last decades. After the introduction of platinum compound in 1980, which is a paradigm of success compared to the previous treatments, no major changes in drug therapies have been made to treat GCTs in the last 40 years. However, GCT survivors maintain an excessive risk of death that requires long‐term care.

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Contemporary management of ovarian germ cell tumors and remaining controversies

Cited by 28 publications

References 61 publications

Non-Epithelial Ovarian Cancers: How Much Do We Really Know?

Non-Epithelial Ovarian Cancers: How Much Do We Really Know?

Exosomal lncRNA ATB Derived from Ovarian Cancer Cells Promotes Angiogenesis via Regulating miR-204-3p/TGFβR2 Axis

Late mortality reduction among survivors of germ cell tumors in childhood and adolescence in Europe: A report from the PanCareSurFup cohort

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