Contemporary Issues in Exposure Assessment Using Biomonitoring

Calafat, Antònia M.

doi:10.1007/s40471-016-0075-7

Cited by 52 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 105 publications

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“…Future epidemiology studies might consider collecting, and possibly pooling, multiple urine samples over a period of weeks or months at each age from pregnant women or children to minimize exposure misclassification for that life-stage. 40–42 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns, Variability, and Predictors of Urinary Triclosan Concentrations during Pregnancy and Childhood

Stacy¹,

Eliot²,

Etzel³

et al. 2017

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Exposure to triclosan, an antimicrobial used in many consumer products, is ubiquitous in the United States, yet only limited data are available on the predictors and variability of exposure, particularly in children. We examined the patterns, variability, and predictors of urinary triclosan concentrations in 389 mother–child pairs enrolled in the Health Outcomes and Measures of the Environment Study from 2003 to 2006. We quantified triclosan in 3 urine samples collected from women between 16 weeks of pregnancy and birth and 6 urine samples collected from children between the ages of 1–8 years. For maternal and child samples, we calculated intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) to assess triclosan reproducibility and identified sociodemographic predictors of triclosan. Among 8 year old children, we examined associations between triclosan and personal-care product use. We detected triclosan in >70% of urine samples. Median maternal triclosan varied across pregnancy from 17 to 11 ng/mL, while in children, median concentrations increased from 3.6 to 17 ng/mL over the first 4 years of life, declining slightly at later ages. Triclosan reproducibility was fair to good during pregnancy and for child samples taken weeks apart (ICCs = 0.4–0.6) but poor for annual child samples (ICCs = 0.2–0.4). Triclosan was 66% (95% CI: 29–113) higher in 8 year olds using hand soap compared to nonusers and increased monotonically with hand-washing frequency. Toothpaste use in children was also positively associated with triclosan. Our results suggest that urinary triclosan concentrations have modest stability over weeks to months; children are exposed to triclosan through the use of some personal-care products.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns, Variability, and Predictors of Urinary Triclosan Concentrations during Pregnancy and Childhood

Stacy¹,

Eliot²,

Etzel³

et al. 2017

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…Phthalate exposure is assessed using urine biospecimens since phthalates are predominately excreted in the urine and blood levels, which are considerably lower, may be subject to exogenous contamination during sample collection, storage, or processing. 79 …”

Section: Phthalatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Urine is used since BPA is almost exclusively excreted in the urine, and blood levels are considerably lower and subject to exogenous contamination. 79 Biomonitoring studies around the world indicate nearly universal BPA exposure among pregnant women, infants, and children. 56,64,104–120 Much like some phthalates, urinary BPA concentrations have considerable within-person variation due to diet being the predominant source of exposure.…”

Section: Bpamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…140 Triclosan exposure is measured using urine biospecimens for the same reasons BPA and phthalates are measured using urine biospecimens. 79 Biomonitoring studies indicate nearly universal triclosan exposure among pregnant women and children. 56,108,141 While triclosan has a short biological half-life similar to that of BPA and some phthalates, unlike BPA and some phthalates, urinary triclosan concentrations are relatively stable over time within a person.…”

Section: Triclosanmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…80 One solution is to collect multiple urine samples from the same individual during a specific developmental period (e.g., 2 nd trimester) and then create a pooled specimen for each individual using an equal volume of sample from their repeated samples. 79,80 One disadvantage to the pooling method is that it does not allow for the examination of discrete periods of heightened vulnerability unless multiple pools are created for different periods of development. When a single measurement of exposure is available, statistical techniques like regression calibration could correct non-differential measurement error.…”

Section: Challenges To Making Stronger Inferences About Edcs and Chilmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Early-life exposure to EDCs: role in childhood obesity and neurodevelopment

2016

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Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) may increase the risk of childhood diseases by disrupting hormonally mediated processes critical for growth and development during gestation, infancy, or childhood. The fetus, infant, and child may have enhanced sensitivity to environmental stressors like EDCs due to rapid development and greater exposure to some EDCs that results from their developmentally appropriate behavior, anatomy, and physiology. This review summarizes epidemiological studies examining the relations of early-life exposure to bisphenol A (BPA), phthalates, triclosan, and perfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) with childhood neurobehavioral disorders and obesity. The available epidemiological evidence suggests that prenatal exposure to several of these ubiquitous EDCs is associated with adverse neurobehavior (BPA and phthalates) and excess adiposity or increased risk of obesity/overweight (PFAS). Quantifying the effects of EDC mixtures, improving EDC exposure assessment, reducing bias from confounding, identifying periods of heightened vulnerability, and elucidating the presence and nature of sexually dimorphic EDC effects would result in stronger inferences from epidemiological studies. Ultimately, better estimates of the causal effects of EDC exposures on child health could help identify susceptible sub-populations and lead to public health interventions to reduce these exposures.

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Biological Monitoring of Exposure to Industrial Chemicals

Hopf

Fustinoni

2021

Patty's Industrial Hygiene

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Human biological monitoring is a powerful tool for scientists, policy makers, and occupational health‐care professionals, such as physicians and occupational hygienists, to assess and manage health risks associated with chemical exposures among the general population as well as at the workplace. This chapter will focus on using biological monitoring in occupational exposure assessments. It includes biological monitoring sampling strategies and practical approaches. Relevant biomarkers used in biomonitoring are derived based on fundamental understanding of absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of chemicals. Therefore, ADME will be discussed along with toxicokinetics and toxicodynamics. Individual susceptibility is a topic associated with biological monitoring as opposed to air monitoring. Monitoring variability associated with air and biological monitoring is compared. The biomonitoring strategy choice is dependent on the purpose, selected biomarker, matrix (urine, blood, saliva, hair, exhaled breath, exhaled breath condensate), sampling time, which is determined based on the selected biomarkers apparent elimination half‐life, and variability but also on the purpose of the biomonitoring program. Biological limit values are established on available scientific data. Their historic development and concepts are country specific. Biomonitoring of metals and inorganic compounds as well as organic compounds are extensively covered. Emerging biomarker fields as well as new chemical analytical methods are briefly discussed. Future trends in human biological monitoring are discussed as it is a current topic in public health policies, in occupational and environmental health and in science in general.

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Contemporary Issues in Exposure Assessment Using Biomonitoring

Cited by 52 publications

References 105 publications

Patterns, Variability, and Predictors of Urinary Triclosan Concentrations during Pregnancy and Childhood

Patterns, Variability, and Predictors of Urinary Triclosan Concentrations during Pregnancy and Childhood

Early-life exposure to EDCs: role in childhood obesity and neurodevelopment

Biological Monitoring of Exposure to Industrial Chemicals

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