Contamination of Water, Sediment and Fish with Residues of Pesticides Used in Cotton Production in Northern Benin

Abstract

In Northern Benin, insecticides are used for cotton production. These insecticides can be easily transferred to water ponds close to cotton elds. To monitor insecticides levels in water, sediments and sh samples from water ponds, a GC-MS analytical method was developed to detect residues of endosulfan, DDT and its parent compounds, isomers of HCH, pyrethroids and chlorpyrifos. In addition, the in uence of storage conditions of water sample on pesticides determination performance has been studied. The limits of quanti cation were between 0.16 and 0.32 µg/L in water, 0.5 and 1 μg/kg in sediment and 1 and 2 μg/kg in sh. Twenty samples of water, twenty of sediments and forty of sh were taken in four different water reservoirs at ve different times. Alpha-endosulfan, lambda-cyhalothrin and permethrin were the identi ed in sediment while p,p'-DDE, α-and β-HCH, chlorpyrifos, lambda-cyhalothrin and permethrin were detected in sh. Only organochlorines were determined in water because of the lack of recovery of pyrethroids from water stored in glass. Concentrations of insecticide residues in sediment for all water ponds ranged from non-detected to 101 µg/kg and from non-detected to 36 µg/kg in sh. Preliminary risk assessment for consumers of the North of Benin showed that the Estimated Daily Intakes were lower than the Acceptable Daily Intake sand Acute Reference Doses for all consumers. However, as one sh can be contaminated by 5 pesticide residues at the same time, it is not possible to exclude a risk for the consumer due to his exposure to mixtures of pesticides.

A multivariate approach to assessing the water quality of the Bamako reach of the Niger River in Mali as irrigation water

“…Ba et al (2022) asserted with certainty that transboundary river pollution is an environmental concern on a global scale, as noted in their examination of pollution control legalities in the Niger River Basin. For instance, in the northern region of Benin, various insecticides employed in cotton cultivation have been found to pollute the Niger River's tributaries' water (Douny et al, 2021). It is essential to recognize that a river's water quality is influenced by factors such as the runoff from its catchment area, sewage discharge, and waste disposal.…”

Processing and preservation methods of Wagashi Gassirè, a traditional cheese produced in Benin

“…The most used pesticides in northern Benin are endosulfan (a forbidden insecticide) and glyphosate (a herbicide) ( Dognon et al., 2018 ; Gouda et al., 2019 ; Adechian et al., 2015 ; Agbohessi et al., 2011 ). As some pesticide residues have been found in food consumed in Benin and West Africa, they might be present also in WG ( Douny et al., 2021 ; Ingenbleek et al., 2019 ; Dossou et al., 2016 ).…”

Haemoatopoietic Alterations Induced by Cotton Insecticide Thalis 112 EC (Emamectin Benzoate 48 g/L, Acetamiprid 64 g/L) in African Catfish Clarias gariepinus

“…In view of the volume of this toxicant used in cotton fields, this insecticide currently occupies a place of choice. Several studies had already revealed that, in the Benin cotton basin, the doses of pesticides recommended for the treatment of crops are not necessarily those practiced by farmers [1,10]. These growers increase the recommended amounts of pesticides at will [1].…”