Contamination of healthcare environment by carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii

Cruz-López, Flora; Martínez-Meléndez, Adrián; Villarreal-Treviño, Licet; Morfín‐Otero, Rayo; Maldonado-Garza, Héctor Jesús; Garza‐González, Elvira

doi:10.1016/j.amjms.2022.07.003

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…Carbapenems have been used to treat MDR Gram-negative species, including A. baumannii . However, Carbapenem-resistant strains that produce metallo-beta-lactamase (MBLs) enzymes have now emerged, reducing antibiotic efficacy [ 22 ]. Pan-drug-resistant A. baumannii , which possesses resistance to all antibiotics, excluding colistin and tigecycline, has been identified [ 23 ].…”

Section: Microbial Pathogens Associated With Amr Haismentioning

confidence: 99%

Medical Device-Associated Healthcare Infections: Sterilization and the Potential of Novel Biological Approaches to Ensure Patient Safety

Garvey

2023

IJMS

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Healthcare-associated infections caused by multi-drug-resistant pathogens are increasing globally, and current antimicrobial options have limited efficacy against these robust species. The WHO details the critically important bacterial and fungal species that are often associated with medical device HAIs. The effective sterilization of medical devices plays a key role in preventing infectious disease morbidity and mortality. A lack of adherence to protocol and limitations associated with each sterilization modality, however, allows for the incidence of disease. Furthermore, issues relating to carcinogenic emissions from ethylene oxide gas (EtO) have motivated the EPA to propose limiting EtO use or seeking alternative sterilization methods for medical devices. The Food and Drug Administration supports the sterilization of healthcare products using low-temperature VH2O2 as an alternative to EtO. With advances in biomaterial and medical devices and the increasing use of combination products, current sterilization modalities are becoming limited. Novel approaches to disinfection and sterilization of medical devices, biomaterials, and therapeutics are warranted to safeguard public health. Bacteriophages, endolysins, and antimicrobial peptides are considered promising options for the prophylactic and meta-phylactic control of infectious diseases. This timely review discusses the application of these biologics as antimicrobial agents against critically important WHO pathogens, including ESKAPE bacterial species.

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Section: Microbial Pathogens Associated With Amr Haismentioning

confidence: 99%

Medical Device-Associated Healthcare Infections: Sterilization and the Potential of Novel Biological Approaches to Ensure Patient Safety

Garvey

2023

IJMS

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“…With an estimated 63% of isolates in the United States being considered multidrug resistant [5], infections due to A. baumannii are difficult to overcome and often fatal [6]. An additional challenge is A. baumannii's ability to contaminate and persist in healthcare facilities, such as in laminar flow systems [7], on care and medical equipment [8][9][10], and on other surfaces like curtains, doors handles, and keyboards [10,11]. It is largely due to this challenge of preventing and treating A. baumannii infections that the therapeutic application of bacteriophages (phages, i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental differences impactAcinetobacter baumanniiphage isolation and infectivity

Alseth,

Roush,

Irby

et al. 2024

Preprint

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With the global rise of antimicrobial resistance, phage therapy is increasingly re-gaining traction as a strategy to treat bacterial infections. For phage therapy to be successful however, we first need to isolate appropriate candidate phages for both clinical and experimental research. Acinetobacter baumanniiis an opportunistic pathogen known for its ability to rapidly evolve resistance to antibiotics, making it a prime target for phage therapy. Yet phage isolation is often hampered byA. baumannii’s ability to rapidly switch between capsular states. Here, we report the discovery and structural characterisation of a novel lytic phage, Mystique. This phage was initially isolated against the wild-type AB5075: a commonly used clinical model strain against which no phage has previously been readily available for the capsulated form. When screening Mystique on 103 highly diverse isolates ofA. baumannii, we found that it has a broad host range, being able to infect 85.4% of all tested strains when tested on bacterial lawns – a host range which expanded to 91.3% when tested in liquid culture. This variation between solid and liquid environments on phage infectivity was also observed for several other phages in our collection that were assumed unable to infect AB5075, and capsule negative mutants that initially seemed completely resistant to Mystique proved susceptible when assayed in liquid. Overall, through the discovery of a novel phage we demonstrate how environmental differences can drastically impact phage infectivity with important consequences for phage isolation and characterisation efforts.Author summaryBacterial infections caused byAcinetobacter baumanniiare a major global health concern due to high antibiotic resistance, earning it a critical priority pathogen ranking by the WHO. Phage therapy is resurging as a treatment option, with some success againstA. baumannii. However, the wild-type clinical model strain used to assess new therapies lacks an available phage, and isolating phages forA. baumanniiis challenging due to its complex capsule. Here, we report the discovery of a novel lytic phage, Mystique, which exhibits a broad host range, infecting 94 out of 103 testedA. baumanniistrains. We conducted genomic sequencing and structural analysis to fully characterise Mystique. Additionally, we found that the testing environment significantly impacts results; some phages that do not form plaques on bacterial lawns can still infect and amplify in liquid cultures of the same strain. Moreover, mutants resistant to Mystique based on plaque assays were susceptible in liquid culture assays. This work underscores the necessity of a multifaceted approach for phage isolation and characterisation, as traditional phage assays may not be sufficient for studying bacteria-phage dynamics in certain bacteria such asA. baumannii.

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Isolation and Characterization of a Phapecoctavirus Infecting Multidrug-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in A549 Alveolar Epithelial Cells

Wintachai

Surachat

Chaimaha

et al. 2022

Viruses

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Multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (MDR A. baumannii) is an emerging pathogen in the ESKAPE group. The global burden of antimicrobial resistance has led to renewed interest in alternative antimicrobial treatment strategies, including phage therapy. This study isolated and characterized a phage vB_AbaM_ ABPW7 (vABPW7) specific to MDR A. baumannii. Morphological analysis showed that phage vABPW7 belongs to the Myoviridae family. Genome analysis showed that the phage DNA genome consists of 148,647 bp and that the phage is a member of the Phapecoctavirus genus of the order Caudovirales. A short latent period and a large burst size indicated that phage vABPW7 was a lytic phage that could potentially be used in phage therapy. Phage vABPW7 is a high-stability phage that has high lytic activity. Phage vABPW7 could effectively reduce biofilm formation and remove preformed biofilm. The utility of phage vABPW7 was investigated in a human A549 alveolar epithelial cell culture model. Phage vABPW7 was not cytotoxic to A549 cells, and the phage could significantly reduce planktonic MDR A. baumannii and MDR A. baumannii adhesion on A549 cells without cytotoxicity. This study suggests that phage vABPW7 has the potential to be developed further as a new antimicrobial agent against MDR A. baumannii.

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Contamination of healthcare environment by carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii

Cited by 4 publications

References 80 publications

Medical Device-Associated Healthcare Infections: Sterilization and the Potential of Novel Biological Approaches to Ensure Patient Safety

Medical Device-Associated Healthcare Infections: Sterilization and the Potential of Novel Biological Approaches to Ensure Patient Safety

Environmental differences impactAcinetobacter baumanniiphage isolation and infectivity

Isolation and Characterization of a Phapecoctavirus Infecting Multidrug-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in A549 Alveolar Epithelial Cells

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