Contaminación bacteriana transitoria de un acuífero de doble porosidad en Walkerton, Ontario, Canadá

The importance of fracture geometry and matrix data on transient hydraulic tomography in fractured rocks: Analyses of synthetic and laboratory rock block experiments

“…During the 1970s, the inability of technology produced challenges for scientists to obtain detailed information on subsurface fractures, and this deficiency led to the development of the Equivalent Porous Continuum concept (EPM) (Bear, 1972;Freeze and Cherry, 1979;Blessent et al, 2013). The large contrast in the volume between fractures and the matrix pores along with their hydraulic properties resulted in the dual porosity/mass transfer model (Moench, 1984;Lee et al, 1999;Cornaton and Perrochet, 2002;Worthington and Smart, 2017;Tao et al, 2019). The dual porosity model conceptualizes that groundwater takes place only in the fractures, but can be stored in both fractures and the matrix.…”

Hydrodynamic versus Surface Interaction Impacts of Roughness in Closing the Gap between Favorable and Unfavorable Colloid Transport Conditions

“…Predicting colloid transport in porous media underlies applications ranging from targeted delivery of engineered nanoparticles (e.g., Zhang) to understanding the underlying causes of waterborne disease outbreaks (e.g., Worthington and Smart). Natural surfaces exhibit some degree of roughness, as has been demonstrated for various mineral surfaces , as well as for biological , and nonbiological , colloids.…”

Flow Cytometry and Fecal Indicator Bacteria Analyses for Fingerprinting Microbial Pollution in Karst Aquifer Systems

“…Furthermore, this problem is shared in developed countries such as the United States where between 750,000 and 6 million illnesses per year have been attributed to contaminated groundwater (Macler & Merkle, 2000 ; Reynolds et al., 2008 ). Serious cases of pathogenic bacterial contamination of aquifers have been reported following episodic heavy rain events, a notable example occurring at Walkerton (Ontario, Canada) in May 2000, where the rapid transport of pathogenic contaminants through a highly fractured carbonate aquifer system to water supply wells resulted in 2,300 illnesses and 7 deaths (O’Connor, 2002 ; Worthington & Smart, 2017 ). Many incidences of waterborne diseases can be associated with contamination of surface water and groundwater due to failing on‐site domestic wastewater treatment systems (DWTSs), spreading of agricultural fecal matter (i.e., manure) and other farming activities in rural and less urbanized areas (Fetter, 2001 ; WHO, 2003 ).…”