Contact urticaria caused by the ultraviolet absorber octocrylene in sunscreens

Haisma, Marjolijn S.; Schuttelaar, Marie L A

doi:10.1111/cod.12806

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…It is widely used in sunscreens and other topical products, and was found in more than 80% of sunscreens in the Netherlands in 2013, and 20% of skincare cosmetics in the United States in 2014. 30,31 Our results are similar to 63% of sunscreens containing octocrylene. Octocrylene is a moderate sensitiser, and contact sensitisation rates range from 0.7% to 5% in those with history of sunscreen intolerance.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

“…It is a weak UVB filter so it is often combined with other filters to enhance sun protection factor, prevent photodegradation of other UV filters and build water resistance. It is widely used in sunscreens and other topical products, and was found in more than 80% of sunscreens in the Netherlands in 2013, and 20% of skincare cosmetics in the United States in 2014 30,31 . Our results are similar to 63% of sunscreens containing octocrylene.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

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Ultraviolet filter, fragrance and preservative allergens in New Zealand sunscreens

Roh

Cheng

2021

Aust J Dermatology

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Background/Objectives: Allergic contact dermatitis, photoallergic contact dermatitis and irritant reactions to sunscreens are common reasons for dermatology consultation. Patch testing for contact allergy relies on up-to-date knowledge of allergen exposures. The aim of this study was to investigate contact allergens and photoallergens in sunscreens commercially sold on the shelves of supermarkets and pharmacies in New Zealand.Methods: A comprehensive market data review of suppliers' websites was performed from March to August 2019 to obtain a list of the commonly sold sunscreens in our region. Ingredients were collated and analysed according to International Nomenclature of Cosmetic Ingredients (INCI) names. Ultraviolet (UV) filters, preservatives and fragrances were included for analysis. Place of sale and cost of sunscreens were also recorded.Results: Ninety-five sunscreens were analysed: 36% sold in supermarkets, 43% in pharmacies and the remainder available in both. The most frequent UV filters were butyl methoxydibenzoylmethane (contained in 70% of products) followed by octocrylene (63%) and homosalate (50%). The common photoallergen benzophenone 3 was found in 19% of products. Phenoxyethanol was the most common preservative (68%) followed by disodium EDTA (30%) and propylparaben (26%). Two sunscreens contained methylisothiazolinone. Sixty-one per cent contained at least one fragrance, the most frequent being limonene (17%) and linalool (13%). There was an average of 1.1 New Zealand baseline series allergens per product (range 0 to 6, standard deviation 1.27). Conclusion: Common allergens including thosewith high sensitising potential were frequently found in New Zealand sunscreen. Knowledge of ingredients used by manufacturers is useful in dermatological assessment of skin contact reactions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Ultraviolet filter, fragrance and preservative allergens in New Zealand sunscreens

Roh

Cheng

2021

Aust J Dermatology

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“…Besides, OCT has been reported as a cause of (delayed) contact urticaria, and it is tempting to speculate that this might also have been due to unsubstituted BP. Substituted BPs, mainly BP‐3, but also BP‐8 and BP‐10, have previously been held accountable for (photo‐induced) contact urticaria, and even anaphylaxis/anaphylactoid reactions 27‐29 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The presence of benzophenone in sunscreens and cosmetics containing the organic UV filter octocrylene: A laboratory study

et al. 2021

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Background The reason why patients photosensitized to the drug ketoprofen (KP) may develop severe photoallergic skin reactions to octocrylene (OCT), an organic ultraviolet filter in sunscreens and cosmetics, remains largely unknown. OCT can be synthesized by using unsubstituted benzophenone (BP), a possible human carcinogen. Objectives To verify if, and to what extent, BP residues are present in OCT‐containing consumer products. Methods The raw material of OCT and 39 skincare products, of which 28 contain OCT, were chemically analysed for the presence of BP by means of liquid chromatography. Results In the OCT raw material and in all 28 OCT‐containing products the presence of BP could be demonstrated, mostly in concentrations above 10 ppm (0.001%), whereas a majority of OCT‐free products (8/11, 73%) did not contain BP. Moreover, BP concentrations significantly increased, in a time‐ and temperature‐dependent manner, likely due to the additional degradation of OCT. Conclusions Photoallergic contact dermatitis from OCT in patients photosensitized to KP might rely on residual BP impurities. Toxicological and ecological studies that evaluate the safety of OCT might also need to consider the concomitant presence of BP.

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“…Regarding contact allergy attributed to octocrylene, some case reports and positive patch test studies in both adults and children can be found in the scientific literature …”

Section: Cutaneous Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regarding contact allergy attributed to octocrylene, some case reports and positive patch test studies in both adults and children can be found in the scientific literature. [16][17][18][19][20][21][22] In particular, a recent study conducted in Germany showed that among 2577 patients who were patch-tested with octocrylene at 10% in petrolatum, only two weak positive reactions were reportedi.e. 0.08%.…”

Section: Sensitization and Photosensitizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of the safety of octocrylene used as an ultraviolet filter in cosmetics

Berardesca

Zuberbier

Viera³

et al. 2019

Acad Dermatol Venereol

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Octocrylene or octocrilene is an organic ultraviolet (UV) filter which absorbs mainly UVB radiation and short UVA wavelengths. It is used in various cosmetic products to either provide an appropriate sun protection factor in sunscreen products or to protect cosmetic formulations from UV radiation. There is no discussion that UV filters are beneficial ingredients in cosmetics since they protect from skin cancer, but octocrylene has been recently incriminated to potentially induce adverse effects on the endocrine system in addition to having allergic and/or photoallergic potential. However, the substance has the advantage to work synergistically with other filters allowing a beneficial broad photoprotection, e.g. it stabilizes the UVA filter avobenzone (i.e. butylmethoxydibenzoylmethane). Like all chemicals used in cosmetics, the safety profile of octocrylene is constantly under assessment by the European Chemical Agency (ECHA) since it has been registered according to the European regulation Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals. Summaries of safety data of octocrylene are publicly available on the ECHA website. This review aims to present the main safety data from the ECHA website, as well as those reported in scientific articles from peer‐reviewed journals. The available data show that octocrylene does not have any endocrine disruption potential. It is a rare sensitizer, photocontact allergy is more frequent and it is considered consecutive to photosensitization to ketoprofen. Based on these results, octocrylene can be considered as safe when used as a UV filter in cosmetic products at a concentration up to 10%.

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Contact urticaria caused by the ultraviolet absorber octocrylene in sunscreens

Abstract: Sunscreen products are increasingly being used, owing to the rising awareness of the potential dangers of ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Octocrylene (CAS no. 6197-30-4) is a UV filter introduced over 15 years ago that is frequently used in sunscreens and other cosmetic products. Since

Cited by 13 publications

References 8 publications

Ultraviolet filter, fragrance and preservative allergens in New Zealand sunscreens

Ultraviolet filter, fragrance and preservative allergens in New Zealand sunscreens

The presence of benzophenone in sunscreens and cosmetics containing the organic UV filter octocrylene: A laboratory study

Review of the safety of octocrylene used as an ultraviolet filter in cosmetics

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