Contact urticaria caused by carmine‐containing eyeshadows; the causative allergen is carminic acid rather than <scp>CC38K</scp>

Suzuki, Kayoko; Futamura, Kenta; Sato, Norikazu; Nakamura, Masashi; Matsunaga, Kayoko; Yagami, Akiko

doi:10.1111/cod.13769

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 8 publications

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“…A total of 32 papers were screened by the FEEDAP Panel for their relevance in the assessment of the user safety for Carmine/carminic acid. Nineteen papers (Catli et al., 2015; De Pasquale et al., 2015; Gosetti et al., 2015; Liippo and Lammintausta, 2015; Miyakawa et al., 2016; Sanchez‐Machin et al., 2016; Ferris et al., 2017; Gulseren et al., 2017; Ramesh and Lieberman, 2017; Machler and Jacob, 2018; Takeo et al., 2018; Fok, 2020; Hirase et al., 2020; Lemoine et al., 2020; Morin and Sasseville, 2020; Ozceker et al., 2020; Suzuki et al., 2021; Warshaw et al., 2021; Sadowska et al., 2022) were considered by the FEEDAP Panel as relevant and confirmed that the additive should be considered as an allergen through dermal exposure. Only one single paper (Yamashita et al., 2018) reported negative effects of carmine tested for its skin sensitisation potential using a modified lymph node assay with an elicitation phase.…”

Section: Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety and efficacy of a feed additive consisting of carmine for cats and dogs (Mars Petcare GMbH)

Bampidis¹,

Azimonti²,

Bastos³

et al. 2022

EFS2

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Following a request from the European Commission, EFSA was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the re-evaluation of the safety and efficacy of carmine (sensory additive, functional group: colourantssubstances that add or restore colour in feeds) for cats and dogs. The additive consists of aluminium lakes of carminic acid (carmines), which are complexes of aluminium and carminic acid. Carminic acid, produced from the female insect Dactylopius coccus Costa, is the colouring principle and is present in the final additive at 50%. The additive does not pose a risk concerning genotoxicity and is considered safe for dogs and cats at 264 and 220 mg Carmine/kg feed, respectively (which correspond to 132 and 110 mg carminic acid/kg feed, respectively). Due to the nature of the additive, the FEEDAP Panel concluded that allergic reactions may occur in the target species following the ingestion of feeds containing the additive. The FEEDAP Panel concluded that the exposure of users by inhalation is very likely, and that carmine is a respiratory and skin sensitiser; however, due to the lack of data, a conclusion cannot be reached on the potential skin and eye irritation of the additive. The additive is considered to be efficacious in feeds for dogs and cats under the proposed conditions of use.

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Section: Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety and efficacy of a feed additive consisting of carmine for cats and dogs (Mars Petcare GMbH)

Bampidis¹,

Azimonti²,

Bastos³

et al. 2022

EFS2

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Part II: Insect allergies—Inhalation and ingestion

et al. 2022

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Summary Background Allergies to insect stings and bites are common and were partly discussed in part I of this article series. Other mechanisms leading to allergen contact, sensitization, and potential allergy to insects or insects’ compounds can be hard to suspect and diagnose due to their sometimes-hidden character in food or dust. Aims We aim to provide an overview of allergic reactions to insects elicited by mechanisms other than sting or bite reactions. Sources A PubMed search on allergy and insects apart from bees and wasps was conducted, articles were selected and included, and a series of relevant publications and cases of our outpatient units are used as examples. Content and implications Allergies to insects following direct contact, inhalation, and accidental and deliberate ingestion are common and various insect species can elicit these allergies. Sensitization may occur transcutaneously, upon inhalation, and through ingestion. Allergic reactions to edible insects, such as grasshoppers and mealworms, as genuine allergies or as tropomyosin or other protein cross-reactivities in seafood or house dust mite allergic individuals are possible. In Europe, with the licensing of mealworms to be consumed as food and sold commercially in January 2021, allergies and cross-reactivity to insects or insect compounds as foods will become more common and relevant.

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Research Progress of Cosmetic Allergy-Related Adverse Reactions

王

2024

ACM

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Contact urticaria caused by carmine‐containing eyeshadows; the causative allergen is carminic acid rather than CC38K

Cited by 3 publications

References 8 publications

Safety and efficacy of a feed additive consisting of carmine for cats and dogs (Mars Petcare GMbH)

Safety and efficacy of a feed additive consisting of carmine for cats and dogs (Mars Petcare GMbH)

Part II: Insect allergies—Inhalation and ingestion

Research Progress of Cosmetic Allergy-Related Adverse Reactions

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