Contact sensitization in metalworkers: Data from the information network of departments of dermatology (<scp>IVDK</scp>), 2010–2018

Schubert, Steffen; Brans, Richard; Reich, Axel; Buhl, Timo; Skudlik, Christoph; Schröder‐Kraft, Claudia; Gina, M.; Weißhaar, Elke; Mahler, Vera; Schön, Michael P.; John, Swen Malte; Geier, Johannes

doi:10.1111/cod.13686

Cited by 17 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Cross‐reacting IPPD and DMPPD are antioxidants used in tyres 4 . Sensitizations to IPPD or to the black rubber mix (containing IPPD) are frequent in mechanics with dermatitis 1,2 . This also holds true for sensitizations to rubber accelerators, such as thiurams 1,2 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sensitizations to IPPD or to the black rubber mix (containing IPPD) are frequent in mechanics with dermatitis 1,2 . This also holds true for sensitizations to rubber accelerators, such as thiurams 1,2 . Airborne ACD caused by rubber chemicals is known, but rarely reported 5 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Car mechanics are exposed to various contact allergens at work 1,2 . Here, we present the case of a car mechanic with partially airborne allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) to rubber additives.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Partially airborne allergic contact dermatitis to rubber additives in a car mechanic

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Partially airborne allergic contact dermatitis to rubber additives in a car mechanic

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“…14 Schubert et al recently noted that Bioban CS 1135 and Bioban P 1487 were outdated allergens as they are no longer used in the EU. 15 We have stopped testing Bioban P 1487 because it was so rarely positive. There were no independent reactions to Bioban CS 1135 in the present study, and in our earlier report (January 2001-May 2007) there were two positive cases without formaldehyde-positivity, a farmer and a cleaner, in whom we could not show exposure to Bioban CS 1135.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of positive patch test reactions to formaldehyde and formaldehyde releasers at the Finnish Institute of Occupational Health from 2007 to 2020

Aalto‐Korte

Pesonen

2021

Contact Dermatitis

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Background: Formaldehyde is an important contact sensitizer. Formaldehyde releasing substances induce positive reactions in formaldehyde-allergic patients, but there are also reactions independent of formaldehyde allergy. In an earlier study, stronger formaldehyde reactions led to more positive reactions to quaternium-15. Objectives: To analyze patterns of positive patch test reactions to formaldehyde and different formaldehyde releasers. Methods: Patch test files of 1497 patients investigated during the period November 2007-August 2020 were retrospectively reviewed for positive reactions to formaldehyde and its releasers. During the study period, almost all (≥99.3%) patients were tested with a formaldehyde dilution series and six formaldehyde releasers.Results: Ninety-three patients tested positive to formaldehyde; 80% of these had positive reactions to at least one formaldehyde releaser, most often benzylhemiformal. There were only nine independent contact allergies to formaldehyde releasers. There were only two reactions to 2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol and they occurred in formaldehyde-negative patients. In patients with extreme (+++) reactions to formaldehyde, concomitant positive reactions to any of the other 11 investigated formaldehyde releasers were more common than in patients with milder formaldehyde reactions.Conclusions: Strong formaldehyde reactions were associated with positive reactions to formaldehyde releasers.

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“…Contact with metals is involved in a wide range of occupations, including mechanics, construction workers, welders, assemblers, tool makers, cashiers, and many others 1,2 . Prolonged contact with the skin in already sensitized subjects can elicit allergic contact dermatitis (ACD).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occupational exposure to nickel, cobalt, and chromium in the Lithuanian hard metal industry

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Background Metalworkers are said to have heavy exposure to metals, but the amount of released metal ions from alloys and deposition on the hands is unknown. Objective To analyze nickel, cobalt, and chromium in vitro release to the artificial sweat from nails and wire made of different alloys, and to test metal deposition on the fingers of metalworkers. Material and Methods Six different samples of nails and wire were kept in artificial sweat for 24 hours and one week, respectively. The metal release was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). Eighty‐eight consecutive metal plant workers immersed their index fingers and thumbs in separate laboratory tubes filled with deionized water for 2 minutes. The sample analysis for metals was carried out with an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP‐MS). Results The average released concentration of Ni was 0.0012 μg/cm2, for Co it was 0.0007 μg/cm2, and for Cr 0.0037 μg/cm2 after 24 hours and 0.0135, 0.0029, and 0.0042 μg/cm2, respectively, after 1 week. There was a statistically significant increase in released concentration of Ni during one week: 0.0012 μg/cm2 vs 0.0135 μg/cm2 (P = .04). Medians of the detected Co amount on fingers reflected a statistically significant difference between workplaces: 0.004 μg/cm2 for metalworkers vs 0.001 μg/cm2 for office staff (P = .04). Conclusion Nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co), and chromium (Cr) can be released in different concentrations from nails and wire. Detected Ni and Cr levels can elicit dermatitis in already sensitized patients. Co can be extracted from alloys even if not mentioned on material safety data sheets. The finger immersion technique was used for cobalt and chromium detection on fingers for the first time.

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Contact sensitization in metalworkers: Data from the information network of departments of dermatology (IVDK), 2010–2018

Cited by 17 publications

References 29 publications

Partially airborne allergic contact dermatitis to rubber additives in a car mechanic

Partially airborne allergic contact dermatitis to rubber additives in a car mechanic

Patterns of positive patch test reactions to formaldehyde and formaldehyde releasers at the Finnish Institute of Occupational Health from 2007 to 2020

Occupational exposure to nickel, cobalt, and chromium in the Lithuanian hard metal industry

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