Contact-less PLC: channel analysis and measurements campaign

Igboamalu, Frank Nonso; Ndjiongue, Alain R.; deBeer, Arnold S.; Ferreira, H.C.

doi:10.1007/s11235-021-00766-1

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…However, in high density scenarios inside a highly reflective environment, such as in a battery composed of thousands of cells, a wired conductive is more advantageous. The meandered battery's metal maze may be untangled by using wires as leaky waveguides, similar to the trials for AC PLC that demonstrated a greater wireless range close to the power cables [35][36][37], when high frequency radio signals are transmitted using wires as leaky waveguides. In addition, if the radio transmitter unit must be embedded inside a metal case, as is the case with cylindrical lithium-ion batteries, then, again, the cabled option may have an advantage for short cable networks.…”

Section: Proposed Solutionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Sensors 2022, 22, x FOR PEER REVIEW 3 of 13 RF transceivers are also advantageous due to their high Rx sensitivity developed when low power functioning is a requirement. Additionally, since RF transceiver technology primarily operates on high frequency spectrum compared to modems, it is only necessary to add a capacitive coupling element, such as an antenna to a short physical wired network [35] or the antenna and a quarter wavelength coaxial link acting as an proximity impedance transformer [36,37].…”

Section: Proposed Solutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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DC Power Line Communication (PLC) on 868 MHz and 2.4 GHz Wired RF Transceivers

Marsic

Amietszajew

Igić

et al. 2022

Sensors

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Efficient management through monitoring of Li-ion batteries is critical to the progress of electro-mobility and energy storage globally, since the technology can be hazardous if pushed beyond its safety boundaries. Battery management systems (BMSs) are being actively improved to reduce size, weight, and cost while increasing their capabilities. Using power line communication, wireless monitoring, or hybrid data links are one of the most advanced research directions today. In this work, we propose the use of radio frequency (RF) transceivers as a communication unit that can deliver both wired and wireless services, through their superior analog and digital signal processing capability compared to PLC technology. To validate our approach computational simulation and empirical evaluation was conducted to examine the possibility of using RF transceivers on a direct current (DC) bus for wired BMS. A key advantage of this study is that it proposes a flexible and tested system for communication across a variety of network scenarios, where wireless data links over disrupted connections may be enabled by using this technology in short-range wired modes. This investigation demonstrates that the IEEE 802.15.4-compliant transceivers with operating frequencies of 868 MHz and 2.4 GHz can establish stable data links on a DC bus via capacitive coupling at high data rates.

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Section: Proposed Solutionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Proposed Solutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DC Power Line Communication (PLC) on 868 MHz and 2.4 GHz Wired RF Transceivers

Marsic

Amietszajew

Igić

et al. 2022

Sensors

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show abstract

“…Therefore, the use of free-license RF transceivers such as 868/915 MHz and 2.4 GHz [ 19 ] that operate within the required EMC/EMI regulations for short-range devices (SRDs) [ 20 ] will not violate any radiation regulations, as branched cables will attenuate rather than amplify the signal. Researchers have found that placing HF transceivers close to power cables will result in direct line coupling, or by using wavelength coupling cable adjustments, hybrid communication trough wires and close vicinity wireless can be achieved [ 21 , 22 , 23 ]. A large and dense network constructed from cylindrical cells with embedded communication systems inside their metal shells, as illustrated in Figure 1 , may find this hybrid capability extremely useful.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Li-Ion Battery on System’s Overall Impedance and Received Signal Strength for Power Line Communication (PLC)

Marsic

Amietszajew

Gardner

et al. 2022

Sensors

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In anticipation of the hybrid utilisation of the radio frequency (RF) wireless transceiver technology embedded in future smart Li-ion battery cells to deliver hybrid links based on power line communication (PLC) and wireless connections, herein we present an empirical high-frequency investigation of the direct current (DC) bus. The focus is to determine, via statistical tools including correlation coefficient (CC), root mean squared error (RMSE) and feature selective validation (FSV) method, the impedance and signal change impact on a possible communication link when fully charged cells are present or completely missing from the bus. Moreover, to establish if technological differences may be accounted for during the empirical experiments, Li-ion cells from two different manufacturers were selected and connected via three subsequent capacitive couplings of 1 µF, 1 nF and 1 pF. According to a methodical comparison by employing CC, RMSE, and FSV over the measured impedance and signal attenuation, this study has shown that the physical DC network is the dominant impedance at high frequencies and that the signal attenuation on the DC line supports communication in the investigated spectrum. The reported findings are critical for in situ hybrid PLC and wireless communication implementation of BMS for Li-ion systems supported through only one RF transceiver.

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