Contact-electrification-activated artificial afferents at femtojoule energy

Yu, Jinran; Gao, Guoyun; Huang, Jinrong; Yang, Xiaodong; Han, Jing; Zhang, Huai; Chen, Youhui; Zhao, Chunlin; Sun, Qijun; Wang, Zhong Lin

doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21890-1

Cited by 146 publications

(113 citation statements)

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“…Figure 4(e) shows the EPSC results triggered by two successive presynaptic pulses with a Δtpre of 200 ms. The EPSC peak from the second pulse (A2) is greater than that from the first presynaptic pulse (A1) because part of the induced ions in the first pulse still exist at the interface between ion gel and channel layer, which results in a higher conductance in the second pulse [30,31]. The PPF index is defined as A2/A1 × 100%, which can be weakened or strengthened by adjusting the intervals between two successive pulses.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fully rubbery synaptic transistors made out of all-organic materials for elastic neurological electronic skin

Shim

Jang

et al. 2021

Nano Res.

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Neurologic function implemented soft organic electronic skin holds promise for wide range of applications, such as skin prosthetics, neurorobot, bioelectronics, human-robotic interaction (HRI), etc. Here, we report the development of a fully rubbery synaptic transistor which consists of all-organic materials, which shows unique synaptic characteristics existing in biological synapses. These synaptic characteristics retained even under mechanical stretch by 30%. We further developed a neurological electronic skin in a fully rubbery format based on two mechanoreceptors (for synaptic potentiation or depression) of pressure-sensitive rubber and an all-organic synaptic transistor. By converting tactile signals into Morse Code, potentiation and depression of excitatory postsynaptic current (EPSC) signals allow the neurological electronic skin on a human forearm to communicate with a robotic hand. The collective studies on the materials, devices, and their characteristics revealed the fundamental aspects and applicability of the all-organic synaptic transistor and the neurological electronic skin.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fully rubbery synaptic transistors made out of all-organic materials for elastic neurological electronic skin

Shim

Jang

et al. 2021

Nano Res.

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“…This report used artificial organic synaptic devices to construct a bionic tactile perception system which will lead a research foundation for the further development of artificial sensory systems (olfactory system, visual system, tactile system, and auditory system) (as shown in Figure 10). [46,75,[213][214][215][216][217][218] In this review, recent advances in emerging FOSTs have been summarized, including the realization of flexibility in four classical types of FOSTs. Although the FOSTs have made significant progress in basic research and potential applications, they are still in their early stages.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The PET has been overwhelmingly used to fabricate semitransparent flexible electronic devices, [98][99][100] organic bioelectronics, and organic synaptic transistors (OSTs). [46,70,[101][102][103][104][105][106] These flexible devices showed excellent device performances [66] Copyright 2018, John Wiley & Sons. FO-FeGSTs based on pentacene film.…”

Section: Flexible Substratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, a FOST is a promising component of future organic neuromorphic systems. [39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46] To date, the FOSTs have been widely used in wearable electronic devices and intelligent e-skins. [47][48][49] In 2018, a flexible artificial afferent nerve was reported by Xu et al [47] representing significant progress toward the development of intelligent e-skin and soft robotics.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Recent Advances in Flexible Organic Synaptic Transistors

Liu

Huang

et al. 2021

Adv Elect Materials

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organic electronic devices have attracted substantial attention. [18][19][20][21][22][23][24] However, many issues still exist. For instance, the flexible substrates can be easily bent and thus cause damage to the devices or affect their electrical performance. Moreover, the flexible substrates are sensitive to operating conditions and are unstable during longterm operation. [25][26][27][28][29] Therefore, many research groups have dedicated their efforts to study and improve the flexibility and stretchability of organic electronic devices. [30][31][32][33] In recent years, organic three-terminal synaptic transistors have evolved from two-terminal devices to avoid the problem of crosstalk between adjacent cells. [34] This is an evolutionary structural design to improve the function of organic synaptic devices. In addition, the organic three-terminal synaptic transistors can be designed to form a highly interconnected neural network system. [35] At the same time, the organic three-terminal synaptic transistors can concurrently receive and read stimuli, which is conducive to the design of multiple input devices. [36] Currently, the threeterminal artificial synapses devices based on flexible organic transistors are considered to be the representative structures of biomimetic devices, which can be used to simulate the plasticity of biological synapses. [37,38] Compared with the traditional inorganic synaptic devices, the flexible organic synaptic transistors (FOSTs) can be used to simulate the plasticity of the human brain with a simpler structure and lower manufacturing cost. Therefore, a FOST is a promising component of future organic neuromorphic systems. [39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46] To date, the FOSTs have been widely used in wearable electronic devices and intelligent e-skins. [47][48][49] In 2018, a flexible artificial afferent nerve was reported by Xu et al. [47] representing significant progress toward the development of intelligent e-skin and soft robotics. This paper reviews the recent progress in the development of FOSTs and their applications in neuromorphic systems. Generally, the FOSTs are divided into four categories: flexible organic floating-gate synaptic transistors (FO-FGSTs), flexible organic ferroelectric-gate synaptic transistors (FO-FeGSTs), flexible organic electrolyte-gate synaptic transistors (FO-EGSTs), and flexible organic optoelectronic synaptic transistors (FO-OSTs). First, a brief introduction of the device structure mostly used in the FOSTs is provided. Then, the selection of substrate materials, gate dielectric materials, organic channel materials, and electrode materials in the FOSTs is summarized. Next, the major advances of these FOSTs and their potential applications are reviewed and discussed. Lastly, the summary, outlook, and In recent years, flexible organic synaptic transistors have attracted considerable attention due to their flexibility, biocompatibility, easy processability, and reduced complexity. Flexible organic synaptic transistors have functions and structures sim...

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“…Contact electrification-activated triboelectric potential, which can be readily generated from a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG), offers an efficient way to tuning the transport properties in semiconductor devices and artificial afferents [ 1 ]. It has also been developed toward versatile applications derived by mechanical behavior [ 2 ], such as logic devices [ 3 , 4 ], multifunctional sensory devices [ 5 ], tribotronic memories [ 6 ], intelligent flexible/wearable sensors [ 7 – 11 ], and mechanoplastic neuromorphic devices [ 12 – 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fiber-Shaped Triboiontronic Electrochemical Transistor

Qin

Zhang

et al. 2021

Research

Self Cite

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Contact electrification-activated triboelectric potential offers an efficient route to tuning the transport properties in semiconductor devices through electrolyte dielectrics, i.e., triboiontronics. Organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) make more effective use of ion injection in the electrolyte dielectrics by changing the doping state of the semiconductor channel. However, the mainstream flexible/wearable electronics and OECT-based devices are usually modulated by electrical signals and constructed in conventional geometry, which lack direct and efficient interaction between the external environment and functional electronic devices. Here, we demonstrate a fiber-shaped triboiontronic electrochemical transistor with good electrical performances, including a current on/off ratio as high as ≈1286 with off-current at ~nA level, the average threshold displacements (Dth) of 0.3 mm, the subthreshold swing corresponding to displacement (SSD) at 1.6 mm/dec, and excellent flexibility and durability. The proposed triboiontronic electrochemical transistor has great potential to be used in flexible, functional, and smart self-powered electronic textile.

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Contact-electrification-activated artificial afferents at femtojoule energy

Cited by 146 publications

References 50 publications

Fully rubbery synaptic transistors made out of all-organic materials for elastic neurological electronic skin

Fully rubbery synaptic transistors made out of all-organic materials for elastic neurological electronic skin

Recent Advances in Flexible Organic Synaptic Transistors

Fiber-Shaped Triboiontronic Electrochemical Transistor

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