“…Some commonly applied numerical approach for fracture and contact analysis of rock and soil material includes the finite element method, 10 the phase field approach, 11 peridynamics, 12 the discrete element method, 13 discontinuous deformation analysis (DDA), 14,15 distinct lattice spring method, 16 rigid block spring method, 17 the combined finite‐discrete element method, 18 and the numerical manifold method 19–21 . Solving contact interaction of assembly of discrete bodies is a challenging task considering the computational efficiency and the algorithmic robustness in detecting and solving contact of massive particles/blocks with various shapes 22–30 . A two‐phase process, that is, neighbor search and delicate search, is commonly used to improve the detection efficiency.…”