Consumption of Ultra-Processed Foods in Brazilian Children: An Analysis of Regional Trends

Ribeiro, Guilherme José Silva; Pinto, André de Araújo

doi:10.1016/j.pedn.2021.06.006

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Our results are in line with previous studies showing that the main UPF products consumed are pastries, sweet beverages, cookies, and candies . In addition, our results support the findings of other European studies that have shown that children of mothers with lower education or with lower socioeconomic status are more likely to consume UPFs.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Our results are in line with previous studies showing that the main UPF products consumed are pastries, sweet beverages, cookies, and candies. [42][43][44] In addition, our results support the findings of other European studies that have shown that children of mothers with lower education or with lower socioeconomic status are more likely to consume UPFs. These findings suggest that educational and socioeconomic factors may contribute to the purchase of low-cost and unhealthy foods, such as UPFs, increasing the risk of health disorders.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

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Ultraprocessed Food Consumption and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Children

Khoury,

Martínez,

Garcidueñas-Fimbres

et al. 2024

JAMA Netw Open

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ImportanceHigh intake of ultraprocessed foods (UPFs) has been associated with higher cardiometabolic risk in adults; however, the evidence in children is limited.ObjectiveTo investigate the association between UPF consumption and cardiometabolic risk factors in the Childhood Obesity Risk Assessment Longitudinal Study (CORALS).Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis baseline cross-sectional analysis was conducted using the data of CORALS participants recruited between March 22, 2019, and June 30, 2022. Preschool children (aged 3-6 years) were recruited from schools and centers in 7 cities in Spain. Inclusion criteria included informed consent signed by parents or caregivers and having a completed a set of questionnaires about the child’s prenatal history at home. Exclusion criteria included low command of Spanish or unstable residence.ExposureEnergy-adjusted UPF consumption (in grams per day) from food frequency questionnaires and based on the NOVA food classification system.Main Outcomes and MeasuresAge- and sex-specific z scores of adiposity parameters (body mass index [BMI], fat mass index, waist-to-height ratio, and waist circumference) and cardiometabolic parameters (diastolic and systolic blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance, high-density and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides) were estimated using linear regression models.ResultsOf 1509 enrolled CORALS participants, 1426 (mean [SD] age, 5.8 [1.1] years; 698 boys [49.0%]) were included in this study. Mothers of children with high UPF consumption were younger, had a higher BMI, were more likely to have overweight or obesity, and had lower education levels and employment rates. Compared with participants in the lowest tertile of energy-adjusted UPF consumption, those in the highest tertile showed higher z scores of BMI (β coefficient, 0.20; 95% CI, 0.05-0.35), waist circumference (β coefficient, 0.20; 95% CI, 0.05-0.35), fat mass index (β coefficient, 0.17; 95% CI, 0.00-0.32), and fasting plasma glucose (β coefficient, 0.22; 95% CI, 0.06-0.37) and lower z scores for HDL cholesterol (β coefficient, −0.19; 95% CI, −0.36 to −0.02). One-SD increments in energy-adjusted UPF consumption were associated with higher z scores for BMI (β coefficient, 0.11; 95% CI, 0.05-0.17), waist circumference (β coefficient, 0.09; 95% CI, 0.02-0.15), fat mass index (β coefficient, 0.11; 95% CI, 0.04-1.18), and fasting plasma glucose (β coefficient, 0.10; 95% CI, 0.03-0.17) and lower HDL cholesterol (β coefficient, −0.07; 95% CI, −0.15 to −0.00). Substituting 100 g of UPFs with 100 g of unprocessed or minimally processed foods was associated with lower z scores of BMI (β coefficient, −0.03; 95% CI, −0.06 to −0.01), fat mass index (β coefficient, −0.03; 95% CI, −0.06 to 0.00), and fasting plasma glucose (β coefficient, −0.04; 95% CI, −0.07 to −0.01).Conclusions and RelevanceThese findings suggest that high UPF consumption in young children is associated with adiposity and other cardiometabolic risk factors, highlighting the need for public health initiatives to promote the replacement of UPFs with unprocessed or minimally processed foods.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Ultraprocessed Food Consumption and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Children

Khoury,

Martínez,

Garcidueñas-Fimbres

et al. 2024

JAMA Netw Open

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Indeed, experimental studies on food consumption indicate that UPFs have low satiety potential and induce high glycaemic responses [18,65]. Among the ALSPAC children, UPF consumption at 7 years was associated with lower reported intake of saturated fats and cholesterol, in contrast to studies in Brazil [66] and Chile [67] that have reported higher levels of saturated fats with UPF intake. This was confirmed by our metabolic profiling that showed lower circulating levels of these lipids in association with UPF consumption, with most of the effect of UPF on total plasma cholesterol mediated by reported cholesterol intake.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Metabolic Profiles of Ultra-Processed Food Consumption and Their Role in Obesity Risk in British Children

et al. 2022

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“…However, most studies that analysed the consumption of ultra-processed food in children provided data on older children (Buckley et al, 2019;C. S. Costa et al, 2019;Filgueiras et al, 2019;Hoffman et al, 2020;Mais et al, 2017;Moubarac et al, 2017;Neri et al, 2019;Onita et al, 2021;Ribeiro & de Araújo Pinto, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, the increased consumption of these kinds of food has become the target of public health nutrition policies worldwide (Brasil, 2014 ; Monteiro et al, 2019 ). However, most studies that analysed the consumption of ultra‐processed food in children provided data on older children (Buckley et al, 2019 ; C. S. Costa et al, 2019 ; Filgueiras et al, 2019 ; Hoffman et al, 2020 ; Mais et al, 2017 ; Moubarac et al, 2017 ; Neri et al, 2019 ; Onita et al, 2021 ; Ribeiro & de Araújo Pinto, 2021 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of infant feeding practices in children from 9 to 24 months, considering complementary feeding indicators and food processing: Results from the Brazilian cohort of the MAL‐ED study

Andrade

Rebouças

Filho

et al. 2022

Maternal & Child Nutrition

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Infant feeding practices impact children's nutritional and health status, influencing growth and development. This study aimed to analyse the evolution of infant feeding practices from 9 to 24 months of age, considering infant and young child feeding (IYCF) indicators and food processing. The infant feeding practices in children from the Brazilian site of the MAL-ED study were evaluated at 9 (n = 193), 15 (n = 182) and 24 months (n = 164) using 24-h dietary recalls. IYCF indicators were evaluated, and the extent of food processing was evaluated, using the NOVA classification. Breastfeeding declined significantly over time, from 77.6% at 9 months to 45.1% at 24 months. Although dietary diversity did not significantly change during the study period (80.5% at 24 months), the minimum acceptable diet significantly increased from 67.9% to 76.1% at 24 months (p < 0.0005). All the studied children consumed sweetened beverages from 9 months. Unhealthy food consumption and zero vegetable or fruit consumption significantly increased over time (p < 0.0005).Unprocessed food consumption decreased from 9 to 24 months of age (p < 0.0005), while ultra-processed food consumption increased (p < 0.0005) during the study period. Logistic regressions showed that, at 9 months, breastfed children presented a lower risk for ultra-processed food consumption (odds ratio [OR] = 0.31; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.13-0.77); and children reaching the minimum acceptable diet presented more risk for ultra-processed food consumption (OR = 2.31; 95% CI = 1.01-5.27). In conclusion, data showed a reduction in the quality of infant feeding practices over the first 2 years of life, with a decrease in breastfeeding and an increase in the consumption of unhealthy and ultra-processed foods.

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Consumption of Ultra-Processed Foods in Brazilian Children: An Analysis of Regional Trends

Cited by 8 publications

References 27 publications

Ultraprocessed Food Consumption and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Children

Ultraprocessed Food Consumption and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Children

Metabolic Profiles of Ultra-Processed Food Consumption and Their Role in Obesity Risk in British Children

Evolution of infant feeding practices in children from 9 to 24 months, considering complementary feeding indicators and food processing: Results from the Brazilian cohort of the MAL‐ED study

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