Consumption of Ultra-Processed Food and Cognitive Decline among Older Adults With Type-2 Diabetes

Weinstein, Galit; Vered, Shiraz; Ivancovsky‐Wajcman, Dana; Springer, Ramit Ravona; Heymann, Anthony; Zelber‐Sagi, Shira; Shahar, Danit R.; Beeri, Michal Schnaider

doi:10.1093/gerona/glac070

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…The consumption of ultra-processed foods, which are usually high in calories, sugar, trans fats and salt, has been connected to faster cognitive decline in later life (Weinstein et al, 2022), as well as to mood disorders (Lane et al, 2022). In contrast, a high quality diet may help to protect people from cognitive decline (Smyth et al, 2015).…”

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confidence: 99%

Why do you eat? - Establishing Individual consumption motives and their stability across eating situations

Werner¹,

Papies²,

Gelibter³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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This article examines individual consumption motives and explores their stability across eating situations. Study 1 established an extensive sample of foods consumed in the UK in different eating situations and informed which foods to include in Study 2 and 3. Study 2 evaluated potentially relevant eating motives for food consumption. Using a between participant design, each of 885 participants rated a subset of 341 situated foods from Study 1 on consumption frequency or desire, or on one of 30 possible consumption motives (e.g., food availability, automaticity, food sweetness etc.). An exploratory factor analysis reduced redundancies and established underlying eating motives, with six factors emerging (habitualness, unhealthiness/healthiness, fullfillingness, saviourness/sweetness, bitterness/sourness, affordability). Using a within-participant design (n=204), Study 3 then established individual differences in eating motives, their stability across eating situations, and participants’ insights into these motives. Each participant evaluated a subset of foods from Study 1 in a specific eating situation (e.g., “usual breakfast”) on consumption frequency and desire, and on 10 central eating motives: healthiness, fillingness, sweetness, bitterness, affordability, automaticity, self-identity, social connectedness, emotional satisfaction, situational transport (e.g., “How affordable do you find cheese for usual dinner?”). We found that the ten predictors explained a large amount of variance in both consumption frequency (median = .59, IQR = .19) and desire (median = .66, IQR = .17). Between participants, large individual differences emerged in predictive profiles, although within participants these profiles remained remarkably stable across eating situations. Lastly, participants showed little insight into the motives predicting their consumption frequency and desire. These results have implications for measuring eating behaviour and the development of interventions.

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confidence: 99%

Why do you eat? - Establishing Individual consumption motives and their stability across eating situations

Werner¹,

Papies²,

Gelibter³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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show abstract

“…A prior study that investigated the association of UPF and cognition in 568 individuals with type 2 diabetes found no association between total calorie consumption of UPF and cognitive decline, likely because of the small sample size or reverse causation, since individuals who develop diabetes could have reduced their UPF consumption after diagnosis. Our findings are in line with 2 recent studies that investigated the association between UPF consumption and cognition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Our findings are in line with previous studies linking consumption of UPF and adverse health outcomes, such as the increased risk of overweight and obesity, 38,39 metabolic syndrome, 40 cancer, 41 cardiovascular diseases, 42 and allcause mortality. 43,44 A prior study 21 that investigated the association of UPF and cognition in 568 individuals with type 2 diabetes found no association between total calorie consumption of UPF and cognitive decline, likely because of the small sample size or reverse causation, since individuals who develop diabetes could have reduced their UPF consumption after diagnosis. Our findings are in line with 2 recent studies 22,23 that investigated the association between UPF consumption and cognition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consumption of UPFs has been linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, and obesity . However, few studies have investigated the association between UPF and cognitive decline in samples from high-income countries . Therefore, we aimed to prospectively investigate the association between UPF consumption at baseline and cognitive decline in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association Between Consumption of Ultraprocessed Foods and Cognitive Decline

et al. 2023

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ImportanceAlthough consumption of ultraprocessed food has been linked to higher risk of cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, and obesity, little is known about the association of consumption of ultraprocessed foods with cognitive decline.ObjectiveTo investigate the association between ultraprocessed food consumption and cognitive decline in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis was a multicenter, prospective cohort study with 3 waves, approximately 4 years apart, from 2008 to 2017. Data were analyzed from December 2021 to May 2022. Participants were public servants aged 35 to 74 years old recruited in 6 Brazilian cities. Participants who, at baseline, had incomplete food frequency questionnaire, cognitive, or covariate data were excluded. Participants who reported extreme calorie intake (&lt;600 kcal/day or &gt;6000 kcal/day) and those taking medication that could negatively interfere with cognitive performance were also excluded.ExposuresDaily ultraprocessed food consumption as a percentage of total energy divided into quartiles.Main Outcomes and MeasuresChanges in cognitive performance over time evaluated by the immediate and delayed word recall, word recognition, phonemic and semantic verbal fluency tests, and Trail-Making Test B version.ResultsA total of 15 105 individuals were recruited and 4330 were excluded, leaving 10 775 participants whose data were analyzed. The mean (SD) age at the baseline was 51.6 (8.9) years, 5880 participants (54.6%) were women, 5723 (53.1%) were White, and 6106 (56.6%) had at least a college degree. During a median (range) follow-up of 8 (6-10) years, individuals with ultraprocessed food consumption above the first quartile showed a 28% faster rate of global cognitive decline (β = −0.004; 95% CI, −0.006 to −0.001; P = .003) and a 25% faster rate of executive function decline (β = −0.003, 95% CI, −0.005 to 0.000; P = .01) compared with those in the first quartile.Conclusions and RelevanceA higher percentage of daily energy consumption of ultraprocessed foods was associated with cognitive decline among adults from an ethnically diverse sample. These findings support current public health recommendations on limiting ultraprocessed food consumption because of their potential harm to cognitive function.

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“…On the other hand, no correlation was identified between the consumption of sugary drinks and incidence of AD. Other studies investigating the consumption of artificially sweetened beverages also demonstrated associations with health outcomes, such as a higher risk of cancer ( 35 ) and mortality from cardiovascular disease ( 36 ), however, results are controversial. More studies assessing the effect of consuming artificially sweetened beverages on health outcomes, including cognitive decline and AD, should be conducted.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consumption of ultra-processed foods and risk for Alzheimer’s disease: a systematic review

Claudino,

Bueno,

Piloneto

et al. 2024

Front. Nutr.

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ObjectiveTo investigate the association of the consumption of ultra-processed foods with the risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease in adults and the elderly. The review protocol was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42022375944).MethodsThis is a systematic review reported according to PRISMA guidelines. Observational studies were included without language or publication year restrictions. Studies assessing only other types of dementia as outcomes, not considering Alzheimer’s disease, were excluded. The research was carried out in the Medline, Embase, Lilacs databases, and a survey of the gray literature between April and November 2023, in addition to citation search in the included studies. Data extraction was performed by two independent reviewers. The risk of bias and methodological quality of the included studies were assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute checklist for cohort studies.ResultsA total of 5 studies involving 617,502 adults and elderly people were included. All studies had a cohort design and were considered of high methodological quality. Of the included studies, 4 demonstrated a risk association between the consumption of ultra-processed foods and the development of Alzheimer’s disease, while 1 study showed a risk association only with the development of cognitive decline.DiscussionThe association between ultra-processed foods consumption and the risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease is a recent topic in scientific studies, given that the oldest study identified by our review dates back to 2017. Of the four included studies, three showed a significant association between ultra-processed foods consumption and the risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease.

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Consumption of Ultra-Processed Food and Cognitive Decline among Older Adults With Type-2 Diabetes

Cited by 11 publications

References 52 publications

Why do you eat? - Establishing Individual consumption motives and their stability across eating situations

Why do you eat? - Establishing Individual consumption motives and their stability across eating situations

Association Between Consumption of Ultraprocessed Foods and Cognitive Decline

Consumption of ultra-processed foods and risk for Alzheimer’s disease: a systematic review

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