Consumption of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages in Paediatric Age: A Position Paper of the European Academy of Paediatrics and the European Childhood Obesity Group

Dereń, Katarzyna; Weghuber, Daniel; Caroli, Margherita; Koletzko, Berthold; Torgerson, David; Frelut, M.-L.; Socha, Piotr; Grossman, Zachi; Hadjipanayis, Adamos; Wyszyńska, Justyna; Mazur, Artur

doi:10.1159/000499828

Cited by 47 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…2 International data shows that adolescents are generally high consumers of SSBs, resulting in an intake of free sugars higher than that recommended by the WHO. 3 Australian data is consistent with this, with adolescents being the highest consumers of SSBs. The most recent National Health Survey results showed that 585 of children aged 12-13 years consumed SSBs at least once a week 1 , and the 2012-13…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 73%

The Outcomes of Thirsty? Choose Water! A Randomised Controlled Trial to Determine The Effects of A Behavioural and an Environmental Intervention on Water and Sugar Sweetened Beverage Consumption in Adolescents.

Kajons¹,

David²,

Gowland‐Ella³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Childhood obesity is a serious public health challenge in Australia, with approximately one in four (24.9%) children aged 5-17 years being overweight or obese. Sugar sweetened beverages are one contributing factor and detrimental to health. Adolescents are the highest consumers of these, with nearly 25% of NSW children aged 12-17 years consuming sugar sweetened beverages at least 5 or more times per week. This study aims to address this by encouraging adolescents to choose water instead of sugar sweetened beverages and determine the effectiveness of two interventions (one behavioural and one environmental) alone or combined in achieving this outcome.Methods: An open-label randomised controlled trial utilising a two-by-two factorial design recruited 61 schools from across three Local Health Districts in NSW, Australia, randomising them to one of four study arms: a behavioural intervention, an environmental intervention, both or neither. Student surveys, school level surveys and water flow measurement data was collected. The primary outcome was increased water consumption, with secondary outcomes including changes in SSB consumption. To quantify the individual and joint effects of the interventions on the consumption of water and SSBs, random effects multivariable ordinal logistic regression models were derived for each outcome.Results: For students receiving at least one intervention there was an increased odds (though not statistically significant) of higher water consumption compared to those that received no intervention; whilst there was a statistically significant decrease in SSB consumption for students who received both interventions combined (OR = .67; 95% confidence interval, 0.55-.082; P<0.01).Conclusions: Evidence regarding school based obesity prevention continues to emerge, however, to our knowledge this is the first Australian study focussed on examining effective school-based interventions to specifically promote the consumption of water and decrease the consumption of SSBs in adolescents. The combination of a behavioural and an environmental intervention had a greater effect on decreasing SSB consumption. This is noteworthy given SSBs are a key contributor to overweight and obesity. The delivery of these combined interventions in schools can add value to existing interventions that address the complex public health issue of overweight and obesity.Trial Registration: Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Register ACTRN12618000526279 10 April 2018 http://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?ACTRN=12618000526279

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 73%

The Outcomes of Thirsty? Choose Water! A Randomised Controlled Trial to Determine The Effects of A Behavioural and an Environmental Intervention on Water and Sugar Sweetened Beverage Consumption in Adolescents.

Kajons¹,

David²,

Gowland‐Ella³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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show abstract

“…Both the American Academy of Pediatrics and the European Academy of Paediatrics recommend that children avoid SSB and endorse policies that restrict children's access to SSB and promote water consumption (13,14) . Previous studies have demonstrated racial-ethnic disparities in the consumption of SSB among US children (15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20) .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in sugar-sweetened beverage consumption among California children

Beck

Martinez

Patel

et al. 2020

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: To assess trends in consumption of soda, sweetened fruit drinks/sports drinks and any sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) from 2013 to 2016 among all children in California aged 2–5 and 6–11 years and by racial-ethnic group. Design: Serial cross-sectional study using the California Health Interview Survey (CHIS). Setting: CHIS is a telephone survey of households in California designed to assess population-level estimates of key health behaviours. Previous research using CHIS documented a decrease in SSB consumption among children in California from 2003 to 2009 coinciding with state-level policy efforts targeting child SSB consumption. Participants: Parents of children in California aged 2–11 years (n 4901 in 2013–2014; n 3606 in 2015–2016) were surveyed about the child’s consumption of soda and sweetened fruit drinks/sports drinks on the day prior. Results: Among 2–5-year-olds, consumption of soda, sweetened fruit drinks/sports drinks and any SSB remained stable. Sweetened fruit drink/sports drink consumption was higher than soda consumption in this age group. Latino 2–5- year-olds were more likely to consume any SSB in both 2013–2014 and 2015–2016 compared with Whites. Among 6–11-year-olds, consumption of soda, sweetened fruit drinks/sports drinks and any SSB also remained stable over time. Latino and African-American 6–11-year-olds were more likely to consume an SSB in 2013–2014 compared with White children. Conclusions: SSB consumption among children in California was unchanged from 2013 to 2016 and racial-ethnic disparities were evident. Increased policy efforts are needed to further reduce SSB consumption, particularly among children of Latino and African-American backgrounds.

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“…At the same time, lower physical activity and more sedentary lifestyle practices are evidenced [7][8][9]. A rapid increase in high-calorie beverage consumption is increasingly recognized as a matter of concern, especially among young children, not only because such beverages provide a high caloric value with little or no nutritional value and also because they replace other healthy food choices [6,10]. SSBs are a leading source of added sugar in our diet and consumption has increasingly become the drink of choice of younger children [11,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Carbonated soda drinks, flavoured fruit drinks and milk-based beverages are being consumed in increasing amounts by young children and have become major sources of added sugar in their diet [13]. A growing body of evidence suggests that high consumption of SSBs is significantly associated with low intakes of micronutrients [14,15], increased risk of dental caries [16], and risk of excess weight gain, and metabolic disorders in children [10,[17][18][19]. Moreover, numerous studies have also shown that dietary practices established in early childhood could persist into adolescence [20], and then into adulthood [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlates of sugar-sweetened beverage consumption of Malaysian preschoolers aged 3 to 6 years

et al. 2020

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Background: There is little information about the diet, lifestyle and parental characteristics associated with habitual sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption in Asian children. The aim of the present study was to assess crosssectional associations between habitual SSB consumption and preschoolers' diet, physical activity, sedentary behaviour as well as parental and child characteristics in Malaysian preschoolers aged 3 to 6 y. Methods: A total of 590 preschoolers, comprising 317 boys and 273 girls were included. Pre-pilot parental questionnaires were used to assess diet, physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour practices and anthropometry was assessed in preschoolers and their parents. Results: Multiple logistic regression analyses showed that preschoolers with more frequent weekly intake of snacks [OR 2.7; 95% CI, 1.6-4.4; p < 0.001] and monthly fast food consumption [OR 3.5; 95% CI, 1.9-6.3; p < 0.001], were associated with higher SSB intake (≥5 days in a week), after adjustments of potential confounders. Preschoolers with higher daily fruit and vegetable intake had lower SSB intake [OR 0.4; 95% CI, 0.2-0.8; p = 0.011]. A positive association of higher weekly vigorous PA [OR 2.0; 95% CI, 1.1-3.7; p = 0.030] and daily screen-based practices [OR 2.0; 95% CI, 1.2-3.6; p < 0.001] on habitual SSBs intake was also substantiated. Conclusion: Multiple diet, physical activity and sedentary behaviour factors were significantly associated with SSB intake among Malaysian preschoolers. Continued effort is required to encourage healthier beverage choices, as well as healthy diet and active lifestyle practices among children during the critical early years of growth and development.

show abstract

Consumption of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages in Paediatric Age: A Position Paper of the European Academy of Paediatrics and the European Childhood Obesity Group

Cited by 47 publications

References 57 publications

The Outcomes of Thirsty? Choose Water! A Randomised Controlled Trial to Determine The Effects of A Behavioural and an Environmental Intervention on Water and Sugar Sweetened Beverage Consumption in Adolescents.

The Outcomes of Thirsty? Choose Water! A Randomised Controlled Trial to Determine The Effects of A Behavioural and an Environmental Intervention on Water and Sugar Sweetened Beverage Consumption in Adolescents.

Trends in sugar-sweetened beverage consumption among California children

Correlates of sugar-sweetened beverage consumption of Malaysian preschoolers aged 3 to 6 years

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