Consumption of dairy foods and diabetes incidence: a dose-response meta-analysis of observational studies

Abstract

Background: A growing number of cohort studies suggest a potential role of dairy consumption in type 2 diabetes (T2D) prevention. The strength of this association and the amount of dairy needed is not clear. Objective: We performed a meta-analysis to quantify the associations of incident T2D with dairy foods at different levels of intake. Design: A systematic literature search of the PubMed, Scopus, and Embase databases (from inception to 14 April 2015) was supplemented by hand searches of reference lists and correspondence with authors of prior studies. Included were prospective cohort studies that examined the association between dairy and incident T2D in healthy adults. Data were extracted with the use of a predefined protocol, with double data-entry and study quality assessments. Random-effects meta-analyses with summarized dose-response data were performed for total, low-fat, and highfat dairy, (types of) milk, (types of) fermented dairy, cream, ice cream, and sherbet. Nonlinear associations were investigated, with data modeled with the use of spline knots and visualized via spaghetti plots. Results: The analysis included 22 cohort studies comprised of 579,832 individuals and 43,118 T2D cases. Total dairy was inversely associated with T2D risk (RR: 0.97 per 200-g/d increment; 95% CI: 0.95, 1.00; P = 0.04; I 2 = 66%), with a suggestive but similar linear inverse association noted for low-fat dairy (RR: 0.96 per 200 g/d; 95% CI: 0.92, 1.00; P = 0.072; I 2 = 68%). Nonlinear inverse associations were found for yogurt intake (at 80 g/d, RR: 0.86 compared with 0 g/d; 95% CI: 0.83, 0.90; P , 0.001; I 2 = 73%) and ice cream intake (at w10 g/d, RR: 0.81; 95% CI: 0.78, 0.85; P , 0.001; I 2 = 86%), but no added incremental benefits were found at a higher intake. Other dairy types were not associated with T2D risk. Conclusion: This dose-response meta-analysis of observational studies suggests a possible role for dairy foods, particularly yogurt, in the prevention of T2D. Results should be considered in the context of the observed heterogeneity.Am J Clin Nutr 2016;103:1111-24.

Dairy food products: good or bad for cardiometabolic disease?

“…The meta-analysis of fourteen cohort studies by Chen et al (48) also showed that yoghurt was associated with reduced risk of T2DM (RR 0·82, 95 % CI 0·70, 0·96 per one serving/d) whereas other dairy foods and consumption of total dairy products were not appreciably associated. The very recent meta-analysis of Gijsbers et al (49) involved twenty-two prospective studies with a total of 579 832 subjects including 43 118 T2DM cases. Total dairy products and low-fat dairy products were both inversely associated with T2DM risk (RR 0·97 per 200 g/d; 95 % CI 0·95, 1·00; RR 0·96 per 200 g/d; 95 % CI 0·92, 1·00, respectively).…”

Más allá del valor nutricional del yogur, ¿un indicador de calidad de la dieta?

“…Actualmente, la grasa láctea está cambiando el paradigma habitual de los ácidos grasos saturados (AGS) y los posibles daños sobre la salud con los que se relacionaba a los mismos. Las últimas evidencias publicadas demuestran que la grasa láctea, en comparación a otras grasas de origen animal, podría asociarse a posibles beneficios sobre la prevención de la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) (12,13), el síndrome metabólico (SM) (14) y una menor ganancia de peso corporal (15), entre otros factores de riesgo cardiovascular. Además de AGS, el yogur contiene ácidos grasos trans (AGT) de origen natural.…”

“…Los lácteos como el yogur contienen múltiples micronutrientes, incluyendo diversos minerales y vitaminas como Ca, sodio (Na), fós-foro (P), magnesio (Mg), zinc (Zn), iodo (I), potasio (K), vitamina A, vitamina D, vitaminas del complejo B, principalmente B 2 , B 3 y B 12 .…”

Misvisende om kosthold i ny nasjonal retningslinje for forebygging av hjerte- og karsykdommer

“…Fire metaanalyser fant at spesifikt magre meieriprodukter var forbundet med lavere risiko for diabetes type 2 [184][185][186]188 . Chen og medarbeidere skilte ikke mellom magre og fete meieriprodukter i sin metaanalyse, men fant ingen sammenheng mellom meieriprodukter generelt og diabetes type 2 187 .…”

“…En nyere metaanalyse av Gijsbers og medarbeidere, som inkluderte 22 studier publisert til og med april 2015, fant imidlertid ikke en signifikant sammenheng mellom ost og diabetes type 2. 188 Gijsbers og medarbeidere fant en 5 prosent høyere risiko per 10 gram ost per dag blant menn, men dette var basert på kun to studier.…”