Consumption of carotenoids in photosensitized oxidation of human plasma and plasma low-density lipoprotein

Ojima, Fumihiro; Sakamoto, Hideki; Ishiguro, Yukio; Terao, Junji

doi:10.1016/0891-5849(93)90037-u

Cited by 73 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Induction of differentiation, inhibition of proliferation, and enhancement of gap junctional communication in several cancer cell lines were also observed as biological effects of lycopene (24)(25)(26)(27)(28). However, mechanisms underlying these biological effects still remain to be elucidated, although the chemical nature of lycopene such as radical scavenging and singlet oxygen quenching activities would be responsible for some of biological effects (29)(30)(31). Oxidation products of lycopene might be involved in biological effects as mentioned above.…”

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confidence: 90%

Formation of cleavage products by autoxidation of lycopene

Kim

Nara

Kobayashi

et al. 2001

Lipids

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The cleavage products formed by autoxidation of lycopene were evaluated in order to elucidate possible oxidation products of lycopene in biological tissues. Lycopene solubilized at 50 microM in toluene, aqueous Tween 40, or liposomal suspension was oxidized by incubating at 37 degrees C for 72 h. Among a number of oxidation products formed, eight products in the carbonyl compound fraction were identified as 3,7,11 -trimethyl-2,4,6,10-dodecatetraen-1-al, 6,10,14-trimethyl-3,5,7,9,13-pentadecapentaen-2-one, acycloretinal, apo-14'-lycopenal, apo-12'-lycopenal, apo-10'-lycopenal, apo-8'-lycopenal, and apo-6'-lycopenal. These correspond to a series of products formed by cleavage in the respective 11 conjugated double bonds of lycopene. The maximal formation of acycloretinal was 135 nM in toluene, 49 nM in aqueous Tween 40, and 64 nM in liposomal suspension. Acycloretinoic acid was also formed by autoxidation of lycopene, although its formation was lower in the aqueous media than in toluene. The pig liver homogenate had the ability to convert acycloretinal to acycloretinoic acid, comparable to the conversion of all-transretinal to all-trans-retinoic acid. These results suggest that lycopene might be cleaved to a series of apolycopenals and short-chain carbonyl compounds under the oxidative conditions in biological tissues and that acycloretinal is further enzymatically converted to acycloretinoic acid.

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confidence: 90%

Formation of cleavage products by autoxidation of lycopene

Kim

Nara

Kobayashi

et al. 2001

Lipids

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“…Singlet oxygen, a ROS, is unstable and highly reactive (Palace et al, 1999). The scavenging rates of singlet oxygen by carotenoids are in the range of 10 8 to 10 10 mol -1 s -1 and are even greater than tocopherol (10 8 mol -1 s -1 ) (Ojima et al, 1993). Singlet oxygen can either be quenched physically by transfer of the excitation energy to a carotenoid with subsequent dissipation of that energy as heat and no loss of the carotenoid, or by chemical transfer with loss of the carotenoid molecule after the reaction.…”

Section: Vitamin a And Early Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamins A and E in the maternal diet influence egg quality and early life stage development in fish: a review

Palace¹,

Werner²

2006

Sci. Mar.

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SUMMARY: Early development in fish is dependent on essential nutrients present in the egg. Vitamins E and A are critical to the normal development of fish embryos. Vitamin E functions primarily as an antioxidant to protect unsaturated lipids from oxidative degradation. Vitamin A or its provitamin carotenoid forms support growth, are required for the differentiation and maintenance of epithelial tissue and can be converted to forms of the vitamin that are potent morphogens. Fish cannot synthesise either of the vitamins, so the maternal dietary content of each prior to oogenesis is an important determinant of reproductive fitness. Here we review the basic metabolism of vitamins E and A and carotenoids and their processing from the maternal diet and deposition into eggs. Evidence for the link between levels of each of the vitamins in eggs and measures of reproductive fitness are also discussed. -El desarrollo embrionario en peces es dependiente de los nutrientes esenciales presentes en el huevo. Las vitaminas E y A son críticas en el desarrollo normal de los embriones de los peces. La vitamina E funciona sobre todo como un antioxidante para proteger los lípidos no saturados contra la degradación oxidativa. La vitamina A, o los carotenoides formas de provitamina, se requieren para la diferenciación y el mantenimiento del tejido fino epitelial y se puede convertir a las formas de la vitamina que son morfogenes potentes. Los peces tampoco pueden sintetizar las vitaminas, de modo que el contenido dietético materno de cada una antes de la oogenesis es un determinante importante de la aptitud reproductiva. Aquí repasamos el metabolismo básico de las vitaminas E y A y los carotenoides y su procesamiento desde la dieta materna a la deposición en los huevos. Se discute también la evidencia del acoplamiento entre los niveles de cada una de las vitaminas en los huevos y las medidas de aptitud reproductiva en los adultos.

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“…Lutein is characterized by having a hydroxyl group attached to either end of the molecule, making it react more strongly with singlet oxygen than other carotenoids. [9][10][11] It is an efficient pigment for absorbing high energy blue light and protects macula and photoreceptors from phototoxicity and oxidative injury. 10,[12][13][14] Krinsky et al 8 have previously reviewed the biological mechanisms of the protective role of lutein and zeaxanthin in the eye in the context of age-related macular degeneration (AMD).…”

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Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Lutein in Retinal Ischemic/Hypoxic Injury: In Vivo and In Vitro Studies

Fung

et al. 2012

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

118

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PURPOSE. Lutein protects retinal neurons by its anti-oxidative and anti-apoptotic properties in ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury while its anti-inflammatory effects remain unknown. As Müller cells play a critical role in retinal inflammation, the effect of lutein on Müller cells was investigated in a murine model of I/R injury and a culture model of hypoxic damage.METHODS. Unilateral retinal I/R was induced by a blockade of internal carotid artery using the intraluminal method in mice. Ischemia was maintained for 2 hours followed by 22 hours of reperfusion, during which either lutein (0.2 mg/kg) or vehicle was administered. Flash electroretinogram (flash ERG) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) activation were assessed. Lutein's effect on Müller cells was further evaluated in immortalized rat Müller cells (rMC-1) challenged with cobalt chloride-induced hypoxia. Levels of IL-1b, cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2), TNFa, and nuclear factor-NF-kappa-B (NF-jB) were examined by Western blot analysis. RESULTS.Lutein treatment minimized deterioration of b-wave/awave ratio and oscillatory potentials as well as inhibited upregulation of GFAP in retinal I/R injury. In cultured Müller cells, lutein treatment increased cell viability and reduced level of nuclear NF-jB, IL-1b, and Cox-2, but not TNFa after hypoxic injury.CONCLUSIONS. Reduced gliosis in I/R retina was observed with lutein treatment, which may contribute to preserved retinal function. Less production of pro-inflammatory factors from Müller cells suggested an anti-inflammatory role of lutein in retinal ischemic/hypoxic injury. Together with our previous studies, our results suggest that lutein protected the retina from ischemic/hypoxic damage by its anti-oxidative, antiapoptotic, and anti-inflammatory properties. (Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2012;53:5976-5984)

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Consumption of carotenoids in photosensitized oxidation of human plasma and plasma low-density lipoprotein

Cited by 73 publications

References 37 publications

Formation of cleavage products by autoxidation of lycopene

Formation of cleavage products by autoxidation of lycopene

Vitamins A and E in the maternal diet influence egg quality and early life stage development in fish: a review

Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Lutein in Retinal Ischemic/Hypoxic Injury: In Vivo and In Vitro Studies

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