Consumption of addictive substances by Gabonese teenagers: An epidemiological survey

Mimbila-Mayi, Mylène; Vierin, Y.; Biloghe, Arlette; Moussavou-Mouyama, André

doi:10.1684/san.2011.0253

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…The male predominance of cannabis consumption observed in this study has already been observed by other authors [15,[23][24].…”

Section: Prevalence Rates and Factors Associated With Tobacco And Cansupporting

confidence: 88%

“…On the other hand, Mimbila-Mayi & al in 2011 in Gabon found that alcohol consumption varied little according to the adolescent's place of residence [15]. The higher prevalence rate of alcohol consumption in rural areas observed in the present study can be explained by the fact that alcohol is a major ingredient in traditional pharmacopoeia and used in Adolescents in Schools in Benin in 2016 many ceremonies.…”

Section: Prevalence and Factors Associated With The Risky Eating Behacontrasting

confidence: 42%

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Prevalence of Behavioural Risk Factors for Non-communicable Diseases Among Adolescents in Schools in Benin in 2016

Olga¹,

Benjamin²,

Nadege³

et al. 2019

SJPH

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Introduction: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are on the rise in sub-Saharan Africa. The overall objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of behavioural risk factors for NCDs among adolescents in schools in Benin in 2016. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in 2016 and involving 3,841 adolescents of 10 to 19 years from 40 secondary schools in Benin. Participants were selected using a 2-level random sampling technique. Data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire and were analysed using Stata software. Associated factors were investigated by a logistic regression. Results: The average age of the participants was 16.54 ± 0.04 and the sex ratio was 1.16. The prevalence of alcohol consumption was 48.3%, and was associated with residence and class. The prevalence of tobacco use was 8%, and was associated with gender, age, type of facility and residence. The prevalence of insufficient physical activity was 56.4%, and was associated with gender. The prevalence of physical inactivity was 12.4%, and was associated with age, class, socioeconomic level of parents and type of facility. The consumption of soft drinks was 34.9%, and was associated with gender and type of establishment. The prevalence of under-consumption of fruit and vegetables was 94.3%. That of consumption of fast food was 38.6%, and was associated with the type of establishment, the class and the person who the adolescent lived with. Conclusion: This work shows the importance of NCDs' Risk Factors in schools. It is now urgent to implement specific interventions in order to reverse the trend.

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“…The male predominance of cannabis consumption observed in this study has already been observed by other authors [15,[23][24].…”

Section: Prevalence Rates and Factors Associated With Tobacco And Cansupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Prevalence and Factors Associated With The Risky Eating Behacontrasting

confidence: 42%

Prevalence of Behavioural Risk Factors for Non-communicable Diseases Among Adolescents in Schools in Benin in 2016

Olga¹,

Benjamin²,

Nadege³

et al. 2019

SJPH

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“…40.8% and 45.6%, respectively) obtained from the analysis are higher than those obtained in other studies. [1,[25][26][27][28] Furthermore, estimates from the present study on the use of cannabis (7.09%) in West and Central, [29] while estimates from the present study on cocaine use (4.16%) are higher than the 2012 estimates (0.69%) reported in the World Drug Report 2015. [30] This finding, however, shows that the use of cannabis among adolescents in these regions is lower than the societal average, while the use of cocaine among adolescents is higher than the societal average Overall, this trend indicates the possibility of increased access to these substances and a higher incidence of drug-related disorders as a result of their use.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

“…6). Sub-regionally, East Africa had the highest proportion of cannabis use among the adolescents at 28.9% (95% CI 23.7 -34.1), followed by southern Deressa [7] Ethiopia CS LU Both All 15.9 225 31.4 Madu [24] SA CS EU Both All 17.2 435 19.8 Mashita [25] SA CS CU Both All 14.5 1 654 9.9 Mimbila-Mayi [26] Gabon CS EU Both All 14.5 1 469 55.5 Palen [27] Nigeria CS LU Both All 14 2 182 46.8 Oshodi [29] Nigeria CS CU Both All 15.9 402 28.1 Igwe [30] Nigeria CS LU Both All 15 900 32.2 Dida [31] Ethiopia CS CU Both All 18.4 603 34.8 Embleton [32] Kenya CS LU Both All 14 146 29 Abdulkarim [33] Nigeria CS LU Both All 15.9 1 200 40.1 Famuyiwa [34] Nigeria CS LU Both All 15.2 4 286 52.4 Oppong Asante [35] Ghana CS EU Both All 12.6 227 28.2 Atitola [36] Nigeria CS EU Both All 15.1 538 21.4 Doku [37] Ghana CS LU Both All 15 1 195 45.8 Fakier [38] SA CS EU Both All 16 703 -Carney [39] SA CS LU Both All 17.6 1 470 43.3 Pluddeman [40] SA CS EU Both Methamphetamine 14.9 1 561 8.8 Onya [41] -SA CS EU Both Alcohol 16.4 1 600 22.4 Ogwell [42] Kenya CS LU Both Tobacco -1 130 31 Chivandire [43] Zimbabwe CS EU Both Cannabis 16.8 350 15.6 Mabiala Babela [44] 2001…”

Section: Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

Substance use among adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2018

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Substance use has become one of the growing major public health and socioeconomic issues worldwide; it has dramatically increased, particularly in developing countries. [1-3] The analysis of substance use is complex, due in part to its varieties, degree of secrecy, health challenges and different legal connotations surrounding its use globally. The use of khat (Catha edulis), cigarettes, heroine, alcohol and other substances is a worldwide threat which especially affects young people. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that there are about 2 billion people worldwide who consume alcoholic beverages, of whom 76.3 million are affected by alcohol-related disorders. [4-8] It is estimated that 9% of the global population aged ≥12 years are classified as dependent on psychoactive substances. [9] Studies have confirmed that there is a growing epidemic of tobacco, heroine and alcohol use among adolescents in the developing world, especially in southern Africa and in sub-Saharan Africa as a whole. [6,10-12] Khat has been used in African countries for centuries as a mild stimulant. For most youths, chewing khat is considered a method for increasing energy and elevating mood in order to improve work performance. [13] The WHO report on substance use in southern Africa showed that negative consequences are common traits of substance use. [3,14] These include sexual violence (e.g. rape), physical violence, criminal activity, neglect of social responsibilities, disease, injury and loss of life. Harmful effects occur with any psychoactive substance use and early initiation has been found to be associated with an increased risk of developing addiction and adulthood dependence. [3,15] In general, it has been shown that the use of cigarettes, alcohol and other substances is a worldwide threat that affects young people. [3,16] In some parts of Ethiopia, such as Bale and Harar, khat chewing in communities in which smoking is common is seen as a social custom that dates back thousands of years. Many students also consider khat chewing as a method of improving their reading ability. However, no activity has been seen in the reduction of substance use. [17,18] While substance use is not new in research parlance, [1] the high level of ingenuity among young people (especially adolescents) that has resulted in numerous complex mixtures, experimentation and discoveries of new materials and volatile solvents (or inhalants) that can be drunk or inhaled with immediate intoxicating effect or other diverse consequences, [11] could make continuous research on this menace relevant. The prevalence of substance use varies from country to country and time to time. Regular updates on substance use and its associated factors could therefore hold significant input regarding appropriate and dynamic interventions towards reduction or eradication of substance use among adolescents, not only in southern Africa but also worldwide. [19,20] The present study therefore aims to assess the prevalence of substance use among adolescent in sub-Saharan Afri...

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“…The rate of smokers was much lower in Gabon (9.0 %) even though increasing (Table 1 ) as illustrated by 2 studies on Gabonese teenagers [ 13 ]. 10.9 % of the population 14–22 years of age smoked in 2007 [ 16 ], compared to 21.5 % in the population 10 – 19 years of age in 2011 [ 17 ].…”

Section: Tobacco and Alcohol Consumption In Gabonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of human papillomavirus on head and neck squamous cell cancers in Gabon

Labouba

Chloé

Hervé

et al. 2015

Infect Agents Cancer

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Head and neck squamous cell cancers are among the most aggressive. Their incidence and mortality rates are relatively lower in Middle Africa than worldwide, but in Gabon, these rates tend to be 2–3 fold higher than in neighboring countries. The main risk factors are alcohol and tobacco consumption. However, in the last decades, there was cumulated evidence that human papillomaviruses were a significant risk factor, particularly for oropharyngeal squamous cell cancer. In Gabon, as elsewhere in Africa, assessment of these 3 risk factors need to be improved to determine their respective role in the development of head and neck squamous cell cancers. The potential differences in alcohol/tobacco consumption habits as well as in infectious ecology between developing and developed countries can make it difficult to transpose current data on this issue. Determining the respective role of alcohol/tobacco consumption and human papillomaviruses in the development of head and neck squamous cell cancers is crucial for the management of these cancers that could become a serious public health issue in Gabon. Human papillomaviruses are not only a risk factor but also a biomarker with promising clinical potential for the follow-up of head and neck squamous cell cancers potentially able to select an adequate treatment. Then, assessing the epidemiological impact of human papillomaviruses in Gabon and in all of Africa would prove useful for the clinical follow-up of head and neck squamous cell cancers, and would also provide essential data to plan a global prevention strategy against head and neck squamous cell cancers due to human papillomaviruses.

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Consumption of addictive substances by Gabonese teenagers: An epidemiological survey

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Prevalence of Behavioural Risk Factors for Non-communicable Diseases Among Adolescents in Schools in Benin in 2016

Prevalence of Behavioural Risk Factors for Non-communicable Diseases Among Adolescents in Schools in Benin in 2016

Substance use among adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Impact of human papillomavirus on head and neck squamous cell cancers in Gabon

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