Consumption in World War II Japanese American Incarceration Camps

Ng, Laura; Camp, Stacey Lynn

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-12760-6_7

Cited by 14 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…According to Camp (2018a), a comparative archaeology of incarceration should include exploring material goods and practices between sites and groups of prisoners, differential access according to aspects of identity like socioeconomic status, and the lives of prison guards and officials. Ng and Camp (2015) explored the influence of institutional confinement on material consumption, drawing on data from Manzanar and Kooskia. Such research is crucial, they argued, because government propaganda and censorship masked the true material conditions of incarceration.…”

Section: -20mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Camp's (2018a:601-602) words, "[a]rchaeology can extend a balm to the absences of silenced pasts, whether it is applied to the unintentional silence of prisoners too traumatized to relive their experiences through narrative or to the intentional silences manufactured by a government unwilling to reveal the truths of life behind barbed wire." Evidence from Manzanar shows that ornamental gardens and ponds served to create comfortable living areas, maintain family cohesion, and mitigate racial hostility, while artifacts from Kooskia testify to efforts at improving medical and dental care at the camp (Ng and Camp 2015). The authors concluded that material consumption permitted incarcerees to assert cultural identities, counteract government attempts at silencing, and fashion a sense of permanence in a temporary and volatile environment.…”

Section: -20mentioning

confidence: 99%

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A History of Japanese Diaspora Archaeology

Ross

2020

Int J Histor Archaeol

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Japanese diaspora archaeology originated in the late 1960s but reports and publications did not appear until the 1980s. Early studies often included Japanese artifacts or sites within larger surveys, but by the 1990s and 2000s were the focus of targeted research. Most research has been undertaken in western North American and the Pacific Islands. PreWar farms and work camps and World War II battlefields and incarceration centers emerged as primary topics of study, with the incarceration centers dominating the literature today. Research themes are diverse but emphasize material consumption, concepts of place, and patterns of cultural persistence and change.

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Section: -20mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: -20mentioning

confidence: 99%

A History of Japanese Diaspora Archaeology

Ross

2020

Int J Histor Archaeol

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“…These themes are seen in Burton's 1996 and Lee's 2015 overview of the factors that led to Executive Order 9066 and the forced removal of Japanese Americans, such as anti-Japanese sentiment, rumors of Japanese American involvement in Pearl Harbor by way of a fifth column, and the notion that they posed a threat to national security. The decision for forced removal was portrayed as benign by using euphemisms such as "evacuation" and "relocation" (Ng and Camp 2015). I expand on this history, including the supposed military necessity of incarceration, in my next chapter, the Historical Background of Manzanar.…”

Section: The Increasing Archaeological Interest Of Incarceration Camp...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Examples include Cohen et al discussion of the historical significance of the camps and forced removal in Burton's 1996 Three Farewells to Manzanar report, Erika Lee's 2015 book on Asian American history, and Ng and Camp's journal article on consumption in incarceration camps. Incarceration camps mark a chapter of racism, wartime and racial hysteria, and euphemisms (Ng and Camp 2015). By euphemisms, I refer to terms such as "relocation center", "evacuation", and "evacuee" used to describe the places, processes, and people as a result of Executive Order 9066.…”

Section: Japanese American Diaspora Archaeologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Research themes for pre-war Japanese diaspora sites includes transnationalism, ethnic and national identities, race, gender, sex, class, and religion (Maniery 2004;Ross 2010;Kraus-Friedberg 2011;Ng and Camp 2015;Lau-Ozawa 2020). War-era sites, primarily incarceration camps, provided opportunities to explore similar themes in addition to expression of identity, confinement, and resistance (Ng 2014;Ng and Camp 2015;Ozawa 2016; Kamp-Whittaker 2020; Ross 2020).…”

Section: Chapter 1: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Transnational Approach to the Ceramics of Manzanar

Jesse¹

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Manzanar was one of ten sites used as an incarceration center for the forced removal of Japanese Americans during World War II. Manzanar is located in between Independence and Lone Pine, California and was in operation from 1942-1945. Archaeological surveys and excavations were conducted in 1993 by National Park Service archaeologists. This case study uses ceramic artifacts recovered from these excavations at Manzanar to study ceramic consumption patterns by Japanese Americans. The period of focus for this study is 1942-1945. Ceramics have been used successfully by archaeologists to explore the political, social, economic, and personal lives of individuals within a community. This thesis uses a transnational framework to expand on previous archaeological studies to explore how political, social, and economic relationships affected the consumption of ceramics by Japanese Americans. Glossary of TermsEuropean ceramics: European is meant in the contemporary geographical sense of the word, and includes British and German ceramics Executive Order 9066: The Executive Order signed by Franklin D. Roosevelt which authorized the Secretary of War to create of military zones which could exclude or keep in any persons.This Order was used to create military zones along the West Coast and remove Japanese Americans from their homes.Incarceration: this term is used in favor of terms such as "relocation" and "evacuation", which imply benevolence reasons for the removal of Japanese Americans, and "internment", which often refers to prisoners of war and "enemy aliens". This term acknowledges the euphemistic language of the time and the removal of American citizens who did nothing wrong.Issei: first generation Japanese who immigrated to the United States Japanese American: for the context of this topic, where incarceration camps held Americans of Japanese descent and Japanese immigrants who were prevented by U.S. policies from becoming citizens, Japanese American refers to people in the United States of Japanese descent regardless of citizenship Nisei:second generation Japanese Americans, children of Issei and American citizens at birth Nikkei: immigrant of Japanese descent that lives outside Japan, but is not specific to generation nor the country of residence War Relocation Authority (WRA): a civilian organization created by Franklin D. Roosevelt to decide where Japanese Americans would live after being forcibly removed from their homes, and would continue to have power of the incarcerated Japanese American population throughout the war via incarceration camps. vi

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Landscapes of Japanese American Internment

Camp

2016

Hist Arch

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Consumption in World War II Japanese American Incarceration Camps

Cited by 14 publications

References 19 publications

A History of Japanese Diaspora Archaeology

A History of Japanese Diaspora Archaeology

A Transnational Approach to the Ceramics of Manzanar

Landscapes of Japanese American Internment

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