Consumo intensivo de alcohol y cannabis, y prácticas sexuales de riesgo en estudiantes universitarios

Moure-Rodríguez, Lucía; Doallo, Sonia; Juan-Salvadores, Pablo; Corral, Montserrat; Cadaveira, Fernando; Caamaño-Isorna, Francisco

doi:10.1016/j.gaceta.2016.03.007

Cited by 33 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Altogether, these results suggest a steady increase in recent (i.e., last year and last 6 months) use of marijuana among late adolescents, although regional differences are likely to occur, particularly when focusing on specific patterns of marijuana use. The prevalence of intensive marijuana use (i.e., in the last 7 days) in the present study was 13.6 and 7.3% for men and women, respectively, which is ostensibly lower compared with college students in Spain (22.2 and 20.0%, respectively; Moure-Rodríguez et al, 2016 ). The apparent increase in marijuana use among Argentinean adolescents is concerning.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 58%

ELSA 2016 Cohort: Alcohol, Tobacco, and Marijuana Use and Their Association with Age of Drug Use Onset, Risk Perception, and Social Norms in Argentinean College Freshmen

2017

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The transition from high school to college is a high-risk stage for the initiation and escalation of substance use. Substance use and its associated risk factors have been thoroughly described in developed countries, such as the United States, but largely neglected in Argentina, a South American country with patterns of a collectivist culture. The present cross-sectional study describes the occurrence of alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana use and the association between these behaviors and the age of onset of substance use and cognitive (i.e., risk perception) and social (i.e., prescriptive) variables in a large sample of Argentinean college freshmen (n = 4083, 40.1% men; mean age = 19.39 ± 2.18 years). The response rate across courses was ≥90% and was similarly distributed across sex. Participants completed a survey that measured substance use (alcohol [with a focus on heavy drinking and binge drinking behaviors], tobacco, and marijuana), age of onset of the use of each substance, perceived risk associated with various substance use behaviors, prescriptive norms associated with substance use, and descriptive norms for alcohol use (AU). The results indicated that AU is nearly normative (90.4 and 80.3% with last year and last month use, respectively) in this population, and heavy drinking is highly prevalent (68.6 and 54.9% with heavy episodic and binge drinking, respectively), especially among those with an early drinking onset (97.8 and 93.6% with last year and last month use and 87.8 and 76.3% with heavy episodic and binge drinking, respectively). The last-year occurrence of tobacco and marijuana use was 36 and 28%, respectively. Early substance use was associated with the greater use of that specific substance. The students overestimated their same-sex friend’s AU, and women overestimated the level of AU of their best male friend. At the multivariate level, all of the predictors, with the exception of the parents’ prescriptive norms, significantly explained the frequency of marijuana and tobacco use and frequency of hazardous drinking. Overall, despite important cultural and contextual differences between Argentina and the United States, our findings suggest that certain vulnerability factors have a similar influence across these cultural contexts.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 58%

ELSA 2016 Cohort: Alcohol, Tobacco, and Marijuana Use and Their Association with Age of Drug Use Onset, Risk Perception, and Social Norms in Argentinean College Freshmen

2017

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“…The analysis of the incidence rates of injuries in the Compostela Cohort allowed us to determine the effect of alcohol consumption on the university students, and today we can affirm that one in three injuries in young people could be avoided if we eliminate the practice of binge drinking [12]. Through the study of the association of risky sexual practices and alcohol consumption, we showed that 25% and 53% of these risky sexual practices are attributed to alcohol consumption in women and men, respectively [13]. Lastly, the monitoring of young people between the ages of 18 and 27 demonstrated that one in five traffic accidents is attributed to binge drinking [14].…”

Section: Alcohol Consumption In Youth and Consequences In Early Adultmentioning

confidence: 94%

We Need to Delay the Age of Onset of Alcohol Consumption

Moure-Rodríguez

Caamaño-Isorna

2020

IJERPH

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In recent years, new consumption patterns, such as binge drinking, have increased among young people and have not always been recognized as problematic either by health personnel or by society in general, as they are intensive episodes, interspersed with no consumption periods. Although the prevalence of alcohol use disorders in the adult population continues to be higher in men than in women, these gender differences in relation to alcohol consumption are barely observed in adolescents between 14 and 18. Therefore, we are witnessing a change in the pattern of consumption, from regular to episodic, and an attenuation of gender differences. New patterns of alcohol consumption have not only been associated with an increased risk of alcohol use disorders in adult life, but also with neurocognitive involvement in youth. Understanding the risk and resilience factors of alcoholism or problematic drinking patterns will not only allow us to identify the most vulnerable group, but also to guide prevention programs towards protective factors; the skills that contribute to the natural abandonment of the pattern. Knowing the variables involved in the trajectories of abandonment and dependency would contribute to personalizing the interventions and increasing their efficacy and success—a lower relapse rate—, reducing the economic and socio-sanitary costs associated with alcohol dependency, as well as improving the health and well-being, family relations, work and social status of alcohol-dependent people.

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“…Multiple studies have shown important differences between females and males in prevalence of heavy episodic drinking and alcohol risky consumption, and in explicative factors of both patterns of consumption (Moure-Rodríguez et al, 2016b). Moreover, the consequences of different pattern of alcohol consumption over unsafe sex (Moure-Rodríguez et al, 2016a), car accidents (Caamaño-Isorna et al, 2017a), and alcohol related injuries (Caamaño-Isorna et al, 2017b) also have shown differences between females and males.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of Alcohol Consumption in Spanish University Alumni: Nine Years of Follow-Up

et al. 2017

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The aim of this study was to empirically identify different profiles of Spanish university alumni, based on their alcohol use over 9 years, and to further characterize them. A cohort study was carried out between 2005 and 2015 among university students (Compostela Cohort-Spain; n2015 = 415). Alcohol consumption was measured using the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT). A two-stage cluster analysis, based on their AUDIT total scores was carried out separately for males and females. The further characterization of every profile was based on demographic data, age at onset of alcohol use, positive alcohol-related expectancies, tobacco and cannabis use, as well as their answers to some European Addiction Severity Index items. Five different clusters were identified: Low users (29.2%), Moderated users (37.2%), At-risk users (14.2%), Decreasing users (13.2%) and Large users (6.2%) for females, and Low users (34.4%), At-risk users (25.6%), High-risk users (15.6%), Decreasing users (14.4%) and Large users (10.0%) for males. Being a cannabis user or a smoker was positively associated to those more hazardous clusters in both genders. Regarding females, significant differences in the age of onset and high positive expectancies were found. However, there were few significant differences among the groups in relation to their employment status and social relations. The results reveal the existence of different typologies of alcohol users among university alumni, with differences among males and females. Modifying positive expectancies, limiting access to alcohol at a young age, and reducing uses of other substances uses are key to promote healthier alcohol use profiles and to prevent hazardous uses.

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Consumo intensivo de alcohol y cannabis, y prácticas sexuales de riesgo en estudiantes universitarios

Abstract: HED and cannabis use represent a public health problem due to their association with a variety of problems, including engagement in unsafe sex. Our results suggest that a significant proportion of unsafe sex could be avoided by reducing this consumption pattern of alcohol.

Cited by 33 publications

References 27 publications

ELSA 2016 Cohort: Alcohol, Tobacco, and Marijuana Use and Their Association with Age of Drug Use Onset, Risk Perception, and Social Norms in Argentinean College Freshmen

ELSA 2016 Cohort: Alcohol, Tobacco, and Marijuana Use and Their Association with Age of Drug Use Onset, Risk Perception, and Social Norms in Argentinean College Freshmen

We Need to Delay the Age of Onset of Alcohol Consumption

Patterns of Alcohol Consumption in Spanish University Alumni: Nine Years of Follow-Up

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