Consuming “the unfortunate”: the violence of philanthropy in a contemporary Chinese state-run orphanage

Qian, Linliang

doi:10.1007/s10624-014-9352-3

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…For-profit tourist agencies are also understood to drive child institutionalization in various countries (Guiney, Mostafanezhad 2015;Qian 2014;Van Doore 2022). The demand for 'doing good' and humanitarian experiences among populations of higherincome countries created the so-called orphanage tourism industry, whereby wellmeaning volunteers from the global North choose orphanages in poorer countries as sites for their good-doing, thereby encouraging further supply of abandoned and institutionalized children, driving child trafficking and the exploitation of children for profit.…”

Section: Global and Transnational Agency In Relation To Institutional...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A growing number of studies reveal the geopolitics of out-of-home childcare, and more specifically the hegemony of Western powers and international organizations representing Western ideologies and assumptions about childhood and care (Brown et al, 2002; Harlow 2021; Hoffman 2021; Islam and Fulcher 2022). Scholars analyze the global political economies of child abandonment and institutionalization, revealing how child institutionalization is part of the global care chain, where ‘orphans’ are manufactured in the global South to meet the demand from the global North (Chege and Ucembe 2020; Cheney 2018; Frimpong-Manso 2021; Guiney and Mostafanezhad 2015; Qian 2014; Van Doore 2022).…”

Section: Looking At Child Institutionalization Through the Lens Of Gl...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Advancing global and transnational approaches to the study of out-of-home childcare

Ulybina

2023

Childhood

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This paper advances the global and transnational agency approach to the study of out-of-home childcare, specifically the institutionalization of children. Based on existing studies, we highlight gaps in the current knowledge of global and transnational actors who shape child institutionalization around the world, including who these actors are, what they do and why, as well as the implications of their activities for children and families. We argue that the rise of global and transnational actors in out-of-home childcare requires systematic scholarly analysis if we are to understand the ongoing change in the global politics, policies, and practices of care.

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Section: Global and Transnational Agency In Relation To Institutional...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Looking At Child Institutionalization Through the Lens Of Gl...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Advancing global and transnational approaches to the study of out-of-home childcare

Ulybina

2023

Childhood

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“…In their seminal research paper, Richter and Norman (2010) coined the term "orphan tourism" as short-term tourism that involved volunteering at orphanages with international tourisms caregiving for children (Richter and Norman, 2010). Throughout scholarly literature, visiting and volunteering in orphanages is variously referred to as orphan tourism (Richter and Norman, 2010;Roby et al, 2013;Freidus, 2017;Rotabi et al, 2017), orphanage tourism (Guiney, 2012;Reas, 2013;Guiney and Mostafanezhad, 2014;Johnson, 2014;Qian, 2014;Carpenter, 2015a;Canosa and Graham, 2016;Cheer et al, 2019;van Doore, 2019), orphan volunteerism (Rotabi et al, 2017), orphan volunteer tourism (Proyrungroj, 2017), orphanage voluntourism (Punaks and Feit, 2014), and even hug-an-orphan vacations (Guiney, 2018). Over time, the concept of orphanage tourism has been expanded to include donations of money, goods, shortterm volunteering and watching shows performed by the children (Guiney and Mostafanezhad, 2014).…”

Section: Defining Orphanage Tourismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orphanage tourism and orphanage volunteering: implications for children

van Doore,

Nhep

2023

Front. Sustain. Tour.

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Orphanage tourism refers to visits or volunteering in orphanages as part of a holiday or tourist experience. Orphanage tourism is a consumer product which represents the intersection of the desire of orphanage operators to gain access to international funding and the desire of tourists and volunteers to give back to less developed countries. Despite its popularity amongst tourists and volunteers, orphanage tourism has come under increasing scrutiny and criticism for its impacts on child rights, development, and the role it plays in driving the unnecessary institutionalization of children, child trafficking and exploitation in residential care settings. This article outlines differing perspectives on orphanage tourism and volunteering from the last decade of research. It examines the contexts in which orphanage tourism occurs and outlines the drivers for this form of tourism. In addition, it discusses the implications of orphanage tourism for children including impacts on child agency, child rights, child development, child protection, and child trafficking and exploitation. We conclude that the limited benefits for children involved in orphanage tourism are outweighed by child protection concerns coupled with negative impacts on child agency, rights, and development.

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“…The number and percentage of children with disabilities continued to increase in the subsequent years. On the one hand, prejudice against disability in Chinese culture and the lack of government support for families rearing children with disabilities have resulted in the disproportionate abandonment of this kind of children to orphanages (Johnson, 2016;Qian, 2013;Raffety, 2019;Wang, 2016). On the other hand, institutionalized children with curable diseases or mild physical disabilities were acceptable to domestic or international adopters, but those with severer disabilities were unacceptable (Yu, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethnographic Imagination as an Interpretative Approach to the World of Infants and Children with Developmental Disabilities

Qian

2022

International Journal of Qualitative Methods

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Reflections on children’s agency have become popular in anthropological and sociological studies of childhood. Scholars tended to treat children as independent and active social members, rather than individuals still undergoing maturity. To guarantee their right to information and participation, researchers have constantly refined their methods in hopes of involving children in research projects as much as possible and empowering their voices. Yet, because of our technological and cognitive restraints, these innovative efforts have not helped us comprehend the thoughts and experiences of infants and children with developmental disabilities. This article proposes ethnographic imagination as an alternative approach. Based on 11-month fieldwork in a Chinese orphanage, I suggest that we could utilize the clues drawn from our participatory research and caregivers’ experiences to untangle children’s ‘messy’ behaviors in an ethnographically imaginative way. Rooted in specific contexts and reliant on the collective experience of stakeholders, while also connecting broader perceptions of everyday life and the sociocultural insights of participatory observation, this interpretative approach may provide observers with a justifiable explanation to the world of nonverbal and minimally verbal children.

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Consuming “the unfortunate”: the violence of philanthropy in a contemporary Chinese state-run orphanage

Abstract: Following the Tocquevillian tradition and driven by a neoliberal con-

Cited by 9 publications

References 39 publications

Advancing global and transnational approaches to the study of out-of-home childcare

Advancing global and transnational approaches to the study of out-of-home childcare

Orphanage tourism and orphanage volunteering: implications for children

Ethnographic Imagination as an Interpretative Approach to the World of Infants and Children with Developmental Disabilities

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