The article discusses the presence of wine in Serbian culture as being rooted in the nation's history, the symbolical meaning the beverage has acquired, and the role it has played in the Serbian identity over centuries. The purpose is to show that wine can function as a marker of cultural boundaries and thus an instrument in the process of identification, as it was in the case for Christian Serbs under the Ottoman Empire. Wine remains deeply rooted in the culture even once it has apparently lost this function. Several juxtapositions with the role of rakija, another culturally meaningful beverage in Serbia, are offered. Given the historical perspective, the paper draws in the argumentation upon literature, both scientific and belles-lettres, supported by observation methods for current developments.