Consumer Opinions on Existing and Proposed Australian Over-the-Counter Medicine Labeling Strategies in Comparison With the Standardized US Drug Facts Label

Tong, Vivien; Raynor, David K.; Hamrosi, Kim; Acharya, Basoori; Panchal, Nisha; Aslani, Parisa

doi:10.1177/2168479016628301

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…A further two label formats were developed by applying good information design and findings from a consumer needs analysis. 21, 22 An existing OTC label for a diclofenac product available for purchase in Australia (Voltaren® Rapid 25 23 ) was also selected as a comparator label. In order to determine whether these label formats were fit-for-purpose, they…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

User testing as a method for identifying how consumers say they would act on information related to over-the-counter medicines

Tong

Raynor

Aslani

2017

Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy

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This is a repository copy of User testing as a method for identifying how consumers say they would act on information related to over-the-counter medicines.White Rose Research Online URL for this paper: http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/102796/ Version: Accepted Version Article:Tong, V, Raynor, DK orcid.org/0000-0003-0306-5275 and Aslani, P (2017) User testing as a method for identifying how consumers say they would act on information related to over-the-counter medicines. ReuseUnless indicated otherwise, fulltext items are protected by copyright with all rights reserved. The copyright exception in section 29 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 allows the making of a single copy solely for the purpose of non-commercial research or private study within the limits of fair dealing. The publisher or other rights-holder may allow further reproduction and re-use of this version -refer to the White Rose Research Online record for this item. Where records identify the publisher as the copyright holder, users can verify any specific terms of use on the publisher's website. TakedownIf you consider content in White Rose Research Online to be in breach of UK law, please notify us by emailing eprints@whiterose.ac.uk including the URL of the record and the reason for the withdrawal request.Page 1 of 23 User testing as a method for identifying how consumers say they would act on information related to over-the-counter medicines Abstract Background User testing evaluates written medicine information (WMI) usability by examining participant ability to find and understand information. It can also be an effective method to determine how consumers say they will act on information on an over-the-counter (OTC) label. ObjectiveTo examine reported behaviors regarding dosage and storage as a measure of a . Material and methods U OTCto find and understand key points of information using a 13-item questionnaire. Consumers were required to elaborate on their behavior in regard to 2 additional questions: 1) when they would take diclofenac if they had constant back pain from 8am (dosage-related) and; 2) where they would store it in their home (storage-related). Responses were transcribed verbatim, and coded by 2 pharmacists. ResultsAppropriate dosing for constant back pain was reported by 29 consumers. However, dosing intervals shorter than the specified 8 hours were often reported (n=19), due to adjusting intervals to accommodate up to the maximum of 8 tablets in 24 hours, desire for pain relief, and/or Page 2 of 23 pragmatic dosing (e.g. around bedtime). Only 29 consumers stated completely appropriate storage location examples (e.g. medicine cabinet). ConclusionsConsumers may act inappropriately on OTC label information about dosage and/or storage, which could potentially adversely impact medicine use. User testing can contribute to the development of high quality WMI and help identify where label wordings are inappropriate for the health literacy levels of consumers. Key wordsHealth literacy; user testing; drug labeling; non-pres...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

User testing as a method for identifying how consumers say they would act on information related to over-the-counter medicines

Tong

Raynor

Aslani

2017

Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy

Self Cite

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“…Research demonstrates that consumer interpretation is inconsistent and incomplete when reading currently available medications information such as packaging and CMIs . Australian research has been undertaken to investigate alternative written materials to provide medications information, although alternatives are not yet readily available in practice . This research identified approaches to improve consumer resources to assist medications users to comprehend and identify pertinent information .…”

Section: Fundingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrate healthcare to provide multidisciplinary consumer‐centred medication management: report from a working group formed from the National Stakeholders’ Meeting for the Quality Use of Medicines to Optimise Ageing in Older Australians

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Cross

Elliott

et al. 2018

Pharmacy Practice and Res

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A National Stakeholders' Meeting on Quality use of Medicines to Optimise Ageing in Older Australians was held in Sydney 2015 with the aim of setting an agenda to improve the quality use of medicines for older Australians. Multidisciplinary working groups were formed to address each of the eight key challenges identified. The aim of Working Group 2 was to develop recommendations to integrate the health care of older Australians across settings and practitioners to provide multidisciplinary consumer-centred care. A systems map was proposed to better understand the complex pathways older Australians take through health care. Working Group 2 members (consumer representatives and health professionals) met via teleconference and email, and contributed relevant literature identified during their work. They identified challenges to optimal medication management that were used to develop a systems map to illustrate the complex medication management pathways for older Australians. The working group generated 10 recommended strategies to facilitate multidisciplinary consumer-centred care that could improve the quality use of medicines. Medication management in Australia is complex, as highlighted by the systems map. Working Group 2 identified concrete strategies to improve the quality use of medicines by older adults through systemic policy and practice-based strategies.

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“…Even so, both researchers and regulators guiding the development of OTC label formats tend to focus their efforts on latestage processing (comprehension). Historically, comprehension studies have utilized surveys and questionnaires (Murty & Sansgiry, 2007;Wawruch et al, 2013); guided interviews (King et al, 2011;Martin-Hammond et al, 2015;Tong et al, 2015Tong et al, , 2017; and focus groups (King et al, 2011;Tong et al, 2016) in which participants are asked to evaluate which type of warning text or display would be more effective.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using change detection to objectively evaluate whether novel over-the-counter drug labels can increase attention to critical health information among older adults

et al. 2021

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Over-the-counter (OTC) drugs have many benefits but also carry risks, such as adverse drug reactions, which are more prevalent in older adults. Because these products do not require the oversight of a physician or pharmacist, labeling plays a key role in communicating information required for their safe and effective use. Research suggests that current labels are not terribly effective at communicating potential risk. One reason for their lack of effectiveness is that few consumers attend to critical information (active ingredients and warnings) when making purchases. In two experiments, we used a change detection task to objectively evaluate how novel label designs that employ highlighting and a warning label placed on the package’s front impact attention to critical information among older participants (65 and older). The change detection task is a unique form of visual search which allowed us to assess the attentional priority of critical information among participants who were not explicitly instructed to search for this critical information. This unique aspect of the task is important given research suggesting that consumers rarely have the explicit goal of seeking out warnings and active ingredients when making OTC selections. Our results provide empirical support that both highlighting critical information and positioning it on the package’s front increase its attentional prioritization relative to current, commercial practice. Given that attending to the critical information is prerequisite to utilizing that information, strategies that elicit attention in this way are likely to reduce medication errors.

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Consumer Opinions on Existing and Proposed Australian Over-the-Counter Medicine Labeling Strategies in Comparison With the Standardized US Drug Facts Label

Abstract: Background

Cited by 6 publications

References 18 publications

User testing as a method for identifying how consumers say they would act on information related to over-the-counter medicines

User testing as a method for identifying how consumers say they would act on information related to over-the-counter medicines

Integrate healthcare to provide multidisciplinary consumer‐centred medication management: report from a working group formed from the National Stakeholders’ Meeting for the Quality Use of Medicines to Optimise Ageing in Older Australians

Using change detection to objectively evaluate whether novel over-the-counter drug labels can increase attention to critical health information among older adults

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