“…For example in breast cancer survivors, empowerment has mainly been reported as a process in the context of online patient education (McKemmish, Manaszewicz, Burstein, & Fisher, 2009;Ryhanen, Siekkinen, Rankinen, Korvenranta, & Leino-Kilpi, 2010) and personal web pages (Pitts, 2004), (online) peer groups (Sharf, 1997;van Uden-Kraan et al, 2008), survivorship consults (Wiljer et al, 2010), oncological rehabilitation (Fisher & Howell, 2010), and as an explicit aspect of professionally led self-help groups (Stang & Mittelmark, 2009. Only one empowerment scale incorporating interpersonal aspects has been validated in cancer patients (Bulsara, Styles, Ward, & Bulsara, 2006).…”