“…8,9 Smartphone-enabled otoscopes appear applicable in middle ear examinations, but have been investigated only in the use of healthcare professionals on older children and adults. [10][11][12][13] Previous studies have shown that parents can be taught to use tympanometry [14][15][16][17] and spectral gradient acoustic reflectometry 18,19 in the detection of middle ear effusion, the prerequisite of AOM. 2 In this clinical study, we taught parents to use a smartphone-enabled otoscope, which is commercially available online.…”