Construction of multi-strain microbial consortia producing amylase, serine and proline for enhanced bioconversion of food waste into lipopeptides

Strategies for improving fengycin production: a review

“…The choice of carbon source significantly impacts fengycin yield. Although glucose is commonly used, alternative carbon sources, such as xylose [45][46][47], arabinose [48], fructose [49][50][51][52], mannitol [53], sucrose [54], glycerol [1,55], and kitchen waste [56][57][58] have also been developed for fengycin production. Different carbon sources could affect fengycin production by affecting metabolic pathways, the expression of key genes, and the supply of energy and reductive power [46,[49][50][51].…”

“…To meet with the market demand for fengycin, numerous studies have been devoted to increasing the production of fengycin through metabolic engineering approaches, including enhancement of precursor supply [46,48,54,56,57,61,[73][74][75], application of regulatory factors [8,45,64,[75][76][77][78][79][80][81][82][83][84], promoter engineering [45,48,67,75,79,[85][86][87], and application of genome-engineering (genome shuffling [20,88] and genome-scale metabolic network model [74]).…”

“…Compared with pure culture, microbial co-culture can modularize and disperse synthetic pathways into multiple strains, which can reduce the metabolic burden and stress on individual strains, minimizes interference between different metabolic pathways, and allows for the adjustment of metabolic fluxes between modules by altering the proportions of strains [ 57 , 73 ]. Therefore, co-cultivating fengycin-producing strain with high amino acid-producing strain is a feasible method for improving fengycin production.…”

“…Corynebacterium glutamicum is an industrial strain capable of producing various amino acids, making it an excellent choice for providing amino acids in a co-culture system [ 56 ]. Several studies have shown that co-cultivation of fengycin-producing strains with a series of C. glutamicum , which have high production of proline, serine, threonine, valine and isoleucine, resulted in significantly higher fengycin production due to the provision of sufficient amino acid precursors, compared with pure cultures [ 56 , 57 , 61 , 73 ]. However, the introduction of an engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae , which can hydrolyze the starch from food waste to provide carbon source, into the three-strain artificial consortia for fengycin production resulted in a decrease in lipopeptide yields [ 57 ].…”

“…Several studies have shown that co-cultivation of fengycin-producing strains with a series of C. glutamicum , which have high production of proline, serine, threonine, valine and isoleucine, resulted in significantly higher fengycin production due to the provision of sufficient amino acid precursors, compared with pure cultures [ 56 , 57 , 61 , 73 ]. However, the introduction of an engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae , which can hydrolyze the starch from food waste to provide carbon source, into the three-strain artificial consortia for fengycin production resulted in a decrease in lipopeptide yields [ 57 ]. This may be due to substrate competition and energy allocation in the co-culture system of the four strains.…”