Construction of LiMn₂O₄ microcubes and spheres via the control of the (104) crystal planes of MnCO₃ for high rate Li-ions batteries

Abstract

LiMn2O4 cathode materials with different morphologies were produced as a result of the addition of ethanol that interacts with the MnCO3 (104) crystal planes.

Syntheses, characterization, magnetic, and electrochemical properties of perovskite‐type NdFeO3 and NdCoO3 nanofibers

“…In addition, the exchange current density ($$i^\circ $$) and the diffusion coefficient of Li + ( D ) were calculated. The equations are listed in the following equation 53,54 : $$\begin{equation}\mid Z\mid = {R_s} + {R_{ct}} + \sigma {\omega ^{ - 0.5}}\end{equation}$$ $$\begin{equation}D = \frac{{{R^2}{T^2}}}{{2{A^2}{n^4}{F^4}{C^2}{\sigma ^2}}}\end{equation}$$ $$\begin{equation}i^\circ = \frac{{RT}}{{nF{R_{ct}}}}\end{equation}$$where ω indicates the angular frequency, R represents the ideal gas constant, n is the transfer charge number, F is the Faraday constant, C signifies the concentration of Li + in the electrolyte, and σ is the Warburg coefficient. The corresponding electrochemical impedance parameters of the NdFeO 3 and NdCoO 3 NFs are listed in Table S7.…”

Recent Developments of Nanomaterials and Nanostructures for High‐Rate Lithium Ion Batteries

“…[308] Exceptional specific capacities of devices prepared with cubic and spherical LiMn 2 O 4 nanomaterials at high current rates were reported (96.4 mAh g À 1 and 88.3 mAh g À 1 at 20 C, 1 C = 148 mA g À 1 ). [308] Recently, a novel synthesis route was developed by Labyedh et al, in which a stack of electrolytic manganese dioxide and Li 2 CO 3 was first deposited on either a planar surface or a substrate with a pillar array (aspect ratio > 20), and then a conformal and crack-free film of spinel LiMn 2 O 4 was deposited by a solid-state reaction (as shown in Figure 31 a). [309] A competitive capacity of 0.4 mAh cm À 3 (theoretical capacity: 1.27 mA g cm À 3 ) was achieved at an ultrahigh current rate 100 C (1 C = 17.8 μA cm À 2 ) for the 3D electrodes, which is due to the synergistic effects of the decreased diffusion length and the increased effective surface area.…”

“…For example, Gao et al. used MnCO 3 precursors (cubes and spheres) as self templates to synthesise spinel LiMn 2 O 4 by hydrothermal reaction combined with temperature solid phase approach . Exceptional specific capacities of devices prepared with cubic and spherical LiMn 2 O 4 nanomaterials at high current rates were reported (96.4 mAh g −1 and 88.3 mAh g −1 at 20 C, 1 C=148 mA g −1 ) .…”

“…used MnCO 3 precursors (cubes and spheres) as self templates to synthesise spinel LiMn 2 O 4 by hydrothermal reaction combined with temperature solid phase approach . Exceptional specific capacities of devices prepared with cubic and spherical LiMn 2 O 4 nanomaterials at high current rates were reported (96.4 mAh g −1 and 88.3 mAh g −1 at 20 C, 1 C=148 mA g −1 ) . Recently, a novel synthesis route was developed by Labyedh et al., in which a stack of electrolytic manganese dioxide and Li 2 CO 3 was first deposited on either a planar surface or a substrate with a pillar array (aspect ratio >20), and then a conformal and crack‐free film of spinel LiMn 2 O 4 was deposited by a solid‐state reaction (as shown in Figure a) .…”

Hydrothermal synthesis of rod‐like CoMoO4 and its excellent properties for the anode of lithium‐ion batteries

“…Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), benefiting from the advantages of high energy, long cycle life, no memory effects, and environmental friendliness, have been considered one of the most promising energy storage systems and has received tremendous attention in the last few decades. [1][2][3][4][5][6] Graphite used in commercial LIBs, which possesses a low theoretical specific capacity (372 mAh/g), is unable to satisfy the ever-increasing demands for LIBs with higher-energy densities. [7][8][9] To fulfill the requirements of large-scale applications, there is a need to develop alternative high-performance electrode materials with high energy density, high power density, and fast charging and discharging rates for LIBs.…”