Construction of functional surfaces for dental implants to enhance osseointegration

Abstract

Dental implants have been extensively used in patients with defects or loss of dentition. However, the loss or failure of dental implants is still a critical problem in clinic. Therefore, many methods have been designed to enhance the osseointegration between the implants and native bone. Herein, the challenge and healing process of dental implant operation will be briefly introduced. Then, various surface modification methods and emerging biomaterials used to tune the properties of dental implants will be summarized comprehensively.

In Situ Growth of Mg-Fe Layered Double Hydroxides (LDH) Film on Titanium Dental Implant Substrates for pH Regulation in Oral Environments

“…The pH level is a critical parameter of the surface chemistry of an implant, directly influencing cellular behaviors critical to bone regeneration. Elevated pH conditions may promote the deposition of a carbonate apatite layer on the implant surface, mirroring the inorganic phase of bone and consequently facilitating bone healing [31]. Moreover, the aging of titanium implants from a biological point of view can lead to the accretion of hydrocarbons due to atmospheric carbon, diminishing the material's hydrophilicity and its capacity to attract osteoprogenitor and integrins cells [32].…”

“…Enhanced osseointegration has been correlated with high pH environments, are believed to positively influence the surface characteristics and cellular respons sential for bone integration. The pH level is a critical parameter of the surface chem of an implant, directly influencing cellular behaviors critical to bone regeneration vated pH conditions may promote the deposition of a carbonate apatite layer on th plant surface, mirroring the inorganic phase of bone and consequently facilitating healing [31]. Moreover, the aging of titanium implants from a biological point of vie lead to the accretion of hydrocarbons due to atmospheric carbon, diminishing the rial's hydrophilicity and its capacity to attract osteoprogenitor and integrins cell Thus, this pilot study is aimed at developing a bioactive surface that employs la It must be noted that, in the measurements of pH, the influence of air or other factors possibly influencing the results was not taken into account even though all measurements were carried out in comparison with the reference sample.…”