Construction of All-India Summer Monsoon Rainfall Series for the Period 1844–1991

Sontakke, N. A.; Pant, G. B.; Singh, Namrata

doi:10.1175/1520-0442(1993)006<1807:coaism>2.0.co;2

Cited by 75 publications

(42 citation statements)

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“…(1) Indian Summer Monsoon Rainfall (ISMR) record: the all-India summer monsoon rainfall during 1881-1998 is from Sontakke et al (1993). Data is constructed by combining rainfall gauge observations at 36 stations distributed homogeneously over India.…”

Section: Data Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The all-India summer monsoon rainfall (hereafter referred to as ISMR, Sontakke et al, 1993), is defined as the rainfall received during the summer monsoon season (June, July, August, and September) over India. The ISMR has a large impact on the agriculture and related economic activities of the region, and prediction of the interannual variability of ISMR is thus a matter of great concern to society.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This raises a question whether the proposed relationship can hold over longer timescales. In this study, we examine the relationship between the state of equatorial Indian Ocean climate, ENSO, and ISMR using the ISMR record from 1881 to 1998 (Sontakke et al, 1993). Following the previous studies cited above, we particularly focus on the Dipole Mode Index obtained from SST (hereafter SSTDMI) and EQWIN as the indices that represent the condition of Indian Ocean climate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Indian summer monsoon rainfall and its link with ENSO and Indian Ocean climate indices

Ihara

Kushnir

Cane

et al. 2006

Intl Journal of Climatology

120

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Abstract:We examine the relationship between the state of the equatorial Indian Ocean, ENSO, and the Indian summer monsoon rainfall using data from 1881 to 1998. The zonal wind anomalies and SST anomaly gradient over the equatorial Indian Ocean are used as indices that represent the condition of the Indian Ocean. Although the index defined by the zonal wind anomalies correlates poorly with Indian summer monsoon rainfall, the linear reconstruction of Indian summer monsoon rainfall on the basis of a multiple regression from the NINO3 and this wind index better specifies the Indian summer monsoon rainfall than the regression with only NINO3. Using contingency tables, we find that the negative association between the categories of Indian summer monsoon rainfall and the wind index is significant during warm years (El Niño) but not during cold years (La Niña). Composite maps of land precipitation also indicate that this relationship is significant during El Niño events. We conclude that there is a significant negative association between Indian summer monsoon rainfall and the zonal wind anomalies over the equatorial Indian Ocean during El Niño events. A similar investigation of the relationship between the SST index and Indian summer monsoon rainfall does not reveal a significant association.

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Section: Data Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Indian summer monsoon rainfall and its link with ENSO and Indian Ocean climate indices

Ihara

Kushnir

Cane

et al. 2006

Intl Journal of Climatology

120

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“…The ISMRS is constructed by using 36 uniformly distributed stations over India in JJAS (June, July, August and September) (Sontakke, et al, 1993). The rainfall of this 4-month monsoon accounts for more than 70% of the annual precipitation over the Indian subcontinent (G. Mudur, 1995).…”

Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Wavelet Analysis of Summer Rainfall over North China and India and SOI Using 1891-1992 Data

Nitta

1996

Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan

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Localization of interannual and decadal variations of summer rainfall in North China and India and seasonal mean Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) from , and the favored time scales of the significant correlations among them are investigated with the wavelet transform (WT) analysis method. Strong localization and non-stationary evolution in the interannual and decadal variations of the rainfall in North China and India are demonstrated. The dominating time scales in the rainfall variations in North China and India are mainly located in two time scale bands: shorter than 10 years, and 14-28 years. The correlations between the rainfall variations in North China and India are time-scale dependent. The significant positive correlations are concentrated in two time-scale bands: shorter than 7 years and longer than 14 years. The correlations are insignificant on time scales of 7-14 years.El Nino and Southern Oscillation (ENSO) cycle is a nonstationary process. The dominant time scales for the variation of SOI are shorter than 5-7 years, and the decadal variations are obvious in 1891-1915 and 1970-1992. There is strong interaction between the Indian summer monsoon and the ENSO cycle. The significant positive correlations are mainly focused on the time scales shorter than 24-30 years, and the significant negative correlations on time scales longer than 40 years in summer and winter SOI cases. The correlation between the rainfall variations in North China and the ENSO cycle in various seasons are less significant, more scattered and complex, but there are some similarities in the correlation pattern compared with that of India, especially in the shorter time scales.The calculation shows that the summer rainfall variations in North China and India at different time scales are related with different general circulation anomalous patterns in middle and high latitudes of Eurasia and the western Pacific. The correlation patterns over Eurasia and the western Pacific between the summer rainfall variations in North China or India and the geopotential height at 500hPa are similar to the correlation patterns between the geopotential height and the WT results of the rainfall on time scales of about 5 years, but different from those on time scales of about 11 years.Therefore, the similar behavior between the rainfall variations in North China and India may be caused by the similar associations between the rainfall variations and the ENSO cycle and the general circulation anomalies in middle and high latitudes over Eurasia and the western Pacific, and the difference may be related to the different character of these associations.

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“…1c and 1d). Changes in precipitation indexes --area-averaged rainfall near India (8.5º-30ºN, 65º-100ºE) and over land only [30] --were 3.36% and 9.93%. Two dynamic indexes related to vertical zonal wind shear (U-shear) associated with Walker circulation [31] and vertical meridional wind shear (V-shear) associated with local Hadley circulation [32] could indicate projected change in the large-scale monsoon flow.…”

Section: Change In Mean South Asian Summer Monsoon Featuresmentioning

confidence: 95%

Potential Changes in Hydrologic Hazards Under Global Climate Change

Dairaku¹

2010

Global Warming

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Construction of All-India Summer Monsoon Rainfall Series for the Period 1844–1991

Cited by 75 publications

References 0 publications

Indian summer monsoon rainfall and its link with ENSO and Indian Ocean climate indices

Indian summer monsoon rainfall and its link with ENSO and Indian Ocean climate indices

Wavelet Analysis of Summer Rainfall over North China and India and SOI Using 1891-1992 Data

Potential Changes in Hydrologic Hazards Under Global Climate Change

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