Construction Features ofDoel 1, a 14th‐Century Cog found in Flanders

Abstract

In 2000, a well‐preserved, c.21 m‐long shipwreck, Doel 1, was found upside‐down in a silted‐up creek near the river Scheldt (Belgium). An interdisciplinary research project was initiated, including 3D registration of all timbers, wood species identification, dendrochronology and archaeobotanical analysis of the caulking material. Doel 1, of which 70% is preserved, displays the construction features of a cog. Unseasoned wood was used and dated by dendrochronology to AD 1325/26. Remarkable features include the symmetrical layout of the bottom planks, the atypical arrangement of the frames to the fore, and evidence of partial dissassembly of the ship after intensive use.

Quantifying Ship Shape in Archaeology: Evaluating 3D Geometric Morphometrics

“…While the ship‐space occupied by plotted vessels represents shapes that proved both functional and possible to build, the remaining blank ship‐space in the figure represents potential ship shapes that were perhaps either functionally sub‐optimal or physically impossible to construct. Moreover, an increasing number of projects incorporate 3D registration of all individual timbers (Nayling and Jones, 2014; Vermeersch and Haneca, 2015), over time, it will become possible to analyse differences in shape between large numbers of different components—keel, frames, planks, crossbeams, and so on—that comprise a ship, across different vessels. Finally, GM also shows potential in a heritage conservation context.…”

Sørenga 7: the reconstruction of a 17th-century boat from Oslo harbour

“…In models built at the NMM after Sørenga 7 these inaccuracies are reduced. We could also have chosen to 3D print the planks (see Nayling and Jones, , : 263–5; Vermeersch and Haneca, for excellent examples), but this would have increased the costs beyond the scope of the budget for this project.…”

“…The post excavation work was pursued using digital recording tools, namely the FaroArm and Rhino software (Falck, , ; Falck et al ., ). This method was applied in concurrence with several other European institutions linked by the Faro and Rhino Archaeological User Group (Hocker, , ; Jones, ; Jones and Nayling, ; Ravn et al ., ; Nayling and Jones, ; Tanner, ; Vermeersch and Haneca, ). A major strength of this method is that it forces the recorder to ‘read’ and interpret the object during the process (Ravn et al ., : 235).…”

Doel 2: a second 14th-century cog wrecked in den Deurganck, Doel, Belgium

“…I n June 2002, two years after the discovery of the Doel 1 wreck (Van Hove, 2005;Deforce et al, 2014;Haneca and Daly, 2014;Vermeersch and Haneca, 2015), the c.13.8 m-long remains of a carvel-built bottom of a hull were discovered on the construction site of the Deurganckdok, located near the town of Doel, Belgium (Figs 1-2). As in 2000, the works were subject to a watching brief by the local Archaeological Service Waasland (ADW) when the wreck was discovered.…”

“…This project was carried out by Flanders Heritage Agency (FHA) and took place between June 2010 and September 2014. It included making a detailed 3D-record of the ship timbers using two FARO-arms and Rhinoceros R software, dendrochronology, and the archaeobotanical analysis of caulking material (Deforce et al, 2014;Haneca and Daly, 2014;Vermeersch and Haneca, 2015).…”