Construction and novel application of a flat flame burner facility to study hazardous waste combustion

Senser, Dwight W.; Morse, John S.; Cundy, Vic A.

doi:10.1063/1.1137992

Cited by 29 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Itox resembles the index proposed by Senser et al, 1985, although they do not specify the toxicity index (T) or apply this technique. Itox is also similar to Bjerre's (1981) variable, referred to as L, which he uses to evaluate toxic decomposition products.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 98%

A Health-Based Decision-Making Tool for Waste Destruction

Thomson¹,

Koshland²,

Lucas³

1997

Environmental Engineering Science

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A major impediment to Design For Environment (DFE) and other more comprehensive design approaches is the lack of simple, effective evaluation tools. This article proposes a more comprehensive environmental analysis tool, the index Itox» for evaluating the effectiveness of hazardous waste destruction technologies, especially thermal-processing methods such as incineration. We evaluate the reduction of the toxicity through an incinerator by summing the concentrations of all organic emissions, each weighted by their toxicity. This methodology is applied to laboratory-scale experiment data, pilot-scale incinerator data, and full-scale incinerator data. We observed that at temperatures above the T99 for a particular POHC, a large temperature window exists in which byproducts persist even though the POHC has been destroyed. The temperature that significantly reduces Itox ¡s suggested as a preferred reference for designers. Itox is a health-based standard that measures both the health risks it is eliminating and the health risks it is creating. Using this index can provide a more accurate measure of the impact of combustion byproduct emissions on exhaust toxicity and, hence, can guide system modification or redesign to improve performance.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 98%

A Health-Based Decision-Making Tool for Waste Destruction

Thomson¹,

Koshland²,

Lucas³

1997

Environmental Engineering Science

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“…The facilities used to obtain the data of this paper are presented elsewhere [19][20][21]. A brief description is included here for completeness.…”

Section: Experimental Facilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

PICs—A Consequence of Stable Intermediate Formation during Hazardous Waste Incineration (Dichloromethane)

Senser¹,

Morse²,

Cundy³

1985

Hazardous Waste and Hazardous Materials

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Incineration, as a hazardous waste disposal strategy, is preferred since this alternative ideally destroys organic wastes, converting them to less toxic or harmless compounds. The scientific community is nearly unanimous in its support of this control technique; however, adverse public opinion in many instances is delaying its widespread use. The absence of absolute emi|ssion standards is hypothesized as one reason for this general public opinion. This paper presents data in the form of measured stable species through flat flames initially comprised of dichloromethane, methane and air. A number of the species identified in these flames correspond with Product of Incomplete Combustion (PIC) data reported in the literature. Both the laboratory and field results suggest that, since candidate PIC formation is synonymous with stable intermediate generation, the occurrence of PIC emissions may be exhibited during both on-design and off-design operation of an incinerator facility. The paper discusses the importance of these results in obtaining accurate incinerator models which will predict total incinerator emissions. In addition, the paper proposes several simple regulatory algorithms which may address the public's concern.

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“…The so-called McKenna burner (Senser et al 1985) is used in the soot particles generator at atmospheric pressure for producing "flat" premixed flames. Combustion gases were allowed to premix before the burner within a sufficiently long duct and were driven through a water-cooled porous bronze disc of 6-cm diameter.…”

Section: Experimental Setup and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitigation of Soot Deposition in Exhaust Gas Recirculation Coolers Using a Spiral Insert

Abd-Elhady

Malayeri

2013

Aerosol Science and Technology

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In diesel engines, the emission of nitrogen oxides can profoundly be controlled by using exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) coolers. Nevertheless, the deposition of unwanted materials, in form of primarily particulate matter and hydrocarbons, causes a major hurdle to the durability of such devices. In this study, a novel technique, i.e., a spiral insert, has been developed to mitigate particulate fouling in tubular EGR coolers. It is made of a helical rotating blade which is inserted inside the tubes of EGR coolers, and it rotates around its axis under the force of entering gas flow. As the blade rotates, it wipes out the deposit. An EGR experimental setup has also been used to examine how effective the spiral insert is in suppressing particulate fouling for two different gas velocities with and without using the insert. With no insert, the deposition was severe, fast, and continuous. For the latter, though, it was first very slow, and second, the fouling resistance was four times lower to that of no insert. No sign of any deposit was also observed on the insert after fouling runs. Despite the promising results, the insert requires further development so it can rotate at the low gas velocities.

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Construction and novel application of a flat flame burner facility to study hazardous waste combustion

Cited by 29 publications

References 8 publications

A Health-Based Decision-Making Tool for Waste Destruction

A Health-Based Decision-Making Tool for Waste Destruction

PICs—A Consequence of Stable Intermediate Formation during Hazardous Waste Incineration (Dichloromethane)

Mitigation of Soot Deposition in Exhaust Gas Recirculation Coolers Using a Spiral Insert

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