Construction and Initial Validation of the Planned Happenstance Career Inventory

Abstract

This study was conducted to develop and initially evaluate the psychometric properties of the Planned Happenstance Career Inventory (PHCI), which aims to assess skill in using chance events to develop career opportunities. After item generation and exploratory factor analysis, 130 original items were reduced to 25 items across 5 factors (5 items for each corresponding factor). Multigroup confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the validity of this 5‐factor structure, and the goodness of fit showed an adequate fit to the observed data for both women and men. Results showed that PHCI subscales correlated moderately and in expected directions with career preparation, career decision‐making self‐efficacy, and career stress. These findings suggest that the PHCI, which assesses 5 dimensions of career‐related planned happenstance skill, shows promise as a useful tool for facilitating understanding of the influence of chance events on career choice behavior.

Confirmatory Factor Analysis of the Career Feedback Inventory in an Iranian High School Students Sample

“…Responses were given on a 5-point Likerttype scale (1 = strongly disagree to 5 = strongly agree; higher scores indicate greater stress). The subscale had good reliability (α = .89 and .92 in two studies) and validity with Korean students (e.g., correlated with lack of self-identity); (Choi et al, 2011;Kim et al, 2014). In the current study, we confirmed that the translated scale had a one-factor structure by using CFA.…”

Planned Happenstance Skills and Occupational Identity Status in High School Students

“…The measurement for planned happenstance skills, which is the CPHS in this study, showed relatively low reliability scores on the Risk Taking and Flexibility subscales. Therefore, future studies should use a recently updated version of this instrument to measure planned happenstance skills (Kim et al, ). In addition, the CPHS was originally developed to be applied to Korean college students.…”

Planned Happenstance Skills as Personal Resources for Students’ Psychological Wellbeing and Academic Adjustment

“…The planned happenstance theory suggests the guidelines for taking constructive action in order to create beneficial opportunities in career development [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. To begin with, the theory places an emphasis on exploratory activities [21].…”

“…Planned happenstance skills. Planned Happenstance Career Inventory (PHCI) [12] consists of 25 items divided equally into five subscales that assess planned happenstance resources: curiosity (e.g., "I tend to be curious about unexpected events"), persistence (e.g., "I would persist in my efforts despite any unexpected barriers"), flexibility (e.g., "I think that my career could change at any point in my life"), optimism (e.g., "I have a positive view of my future career), and risk-taking (e.g., "I am willing to take risks despite the consequences being uncertain"). The total score provided an overall measure for planned happenstance.…”

“…In recent years there has been growing interest in the concept's relationship with other career-related variables. Planned happenstance skills have been found to be associated with occupational engagement, career decision self-efficacy [12,13], intrinsic work values, career networking [5], life adjustment [4], career decision self-efficacy and decrease in dysfunctional career thoughts [14]. The utilization of planned happenstance skills may not only be beneficial with regard to career-related challenges but also to managing students' daily life issues.…”