Construction and Demolition Waste Management Actions and Potential Benefits: A Perspective from Trinidad and Tobago

Abstract

A study was conducted to identify the primary sources and types of construction and demolition (C&D) waste, determine current and potential management actions which can be applied to the respective wastes, and assess the potential benefits, barriers, and recommendations towards the implementation of a C&D waste management plan in Trinidad and Tobago-a Caribbean Small Island Developing State (SIDS). This process is lacking locally, and will benefit decision makers and other stakeholders in proper management of C&D waste. Currently, the primary method of waste disposal is landfilling. The structured questionnaire survey method was used to collect the data, and data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and one-way ANOVA with appropriate post-tests. Results showed that wood, plastic, cardboard, gypsum board, and steel were identified as the most wasted materials on site, with the top sources being attributable to design, operations, and residual causes. It can be inferred that if materials are not being reused, they are being landfilled, as these were the two primary waste treatment methods identified as being used for all materials. If waste management practice gathers enough support from all respective authorities and stakeholders, the general consensus is that all materials listed have recycle/reuse potential in Trinidad and Tobago. The top agreed upon advantages of C&D waste management were all directly related to sustainability, and the barriers to implementation identified were related to general lack of support from respective stakeholders and authorities. From the overall results, it can be concluded that there is not enough evidence to suggest that larger contractors have more positive attitudes and behaviors towards C&D waste management. Although the data are local, the findings from this research can be used as guidelines by the other Caribbean SIDS nations in formulating/comparing their own waste management practices.

Identificação das barreiras para redução de resíduos de construção civil por meio de revisão bibliográfica sistemática

“…Tabela 2 -Barreiras técnicas que impedem a redução de RCC Barreiras Referências Falta de projeto executivo bem elaborado e compatibilizado (Giorgi et al, 2022); (Condotta & Zatta, 2021) ; (Negash et al, 2021); (Spišáková et al, 2021) ; (Olanrewaju & Ogunmakinde, 2020); (Pellegrini et al, 2020) ; (Low et al, 2020); (Mawed et al, 2020); (Vidyasekar & Selvan, 2019) ; (Liyanage et al, 2019); (Narcis et al, 2019) ; (Mahpour, 2018); (Udawatta et al, 2018); (Ling & Nguyen, 2013) ; (de Souza Campos et al, 2013) 15 Alterações de projeto por parte do cliente (Spišáková et al, 2021) ; (Olanrewaju & Ogunmakinde, 2020) ; (Pellegrini et al, 2020) ; (Mawed et al, 2020) ; (Liyanage et al, 2019); (Narcis et al, 2019) 6 Inadequada descarga de material (Olanrewaju & Ogunmakinde, 2020) ; (Low et al, 2020); (Mawed et al, 2020); (Liyanage et al, 2019) ; (Narcis et al, 2019) 5 Armazenamento não adequado de materiais. (Olanrewaju & Ogunmakinde, 2020) ; (Mawed et al, 2020) ; (Narcis et al, 2019) 3 Falta de qualidade dos materiais de construção (Spišáková et al, 2021) ; (Olanrewaju & Ogunmakinde, 2020) ; (Low et al, 2020); (Ratnasabapathy et al, 2021) ; (Mawed et al, 2020); (Liyanage et al, 2019) ; (Narcis et al, 2019) ; <...…”

“…Alterações climáticas (Mawed et al, 2020); (Narcis et al, 2019) 2 Fonte: Autores Falta de projeto executivo bem elaborado e compatibilizado refere-se à ausência de um projeto executivo, com todos os elementos e detalhes necessários para a execução, em que deve conter todas as informações suficientes para o cumprimento em todas as etapas da obra, em conformidade com as normas da Associação Brasileira de Normas Técnicas (ABNT), de acordo com a Lei 8.666 de 21 de junho de 1993 (Brasil, 1993) Tabela 3 -Barreiras econômicas que impedem a redução de RCC Barreiras Referências Falta de recurso financeiro (Negash et al, 2021) ; (Spišáková et al, 2021) ; (Olanrewaju & Ogunmakinde, 2020); (Bailey et al, 2020); (Ratnasabapathy et al, 2021); (Mawed et al, 2020); (Ling & Nguyen, 2013) ; (de Souza Campos et al, 2013) 8 Falta de retorno econômico com a reciclagem dos RCC (Giorgi et al, 2022) ; (Yu et al, 2021); (Condotta & Zatta, 2021) ; (Negash et al, 2021) ; (Diotti et al, 2021) ; (Bao et al, 2020); (Spišáková et al, 2021) ; (Olanrewaju & Ogunmakinde, 2020) ; (Low et al, 2020); (Bailey et al, 2020); (Ratnasabapathy et al, 2021) ; (Mawed et al, 2020) ; (Liyanage et al, 2019) ; (Mahpour, 2018); (Udawatta et al, 2018) ; (Owolana & Booth, 2016) 16 Custo de implantação de novas tecnologias que diminuem os RCC (Gagnon et al, 2022) ; (Giorgi et al, 2022) ; (Yu et al, 2021); ; (Condotta & Zatta, 2021) ; (Diotti et al, 2021) ; (Bao et al, 2020); (Spišáková et al, 202...…”

“…Medium Density Fiberboard) ou para o carvão vegetal (GAGNON et al, 2022) (Spišáková et al, 2021) ; (Olanrewaju & Ogunmakinde, 2020) ; (Pellegrini et al, 2020) ; (Ratnasabapathy et al, 2021) ; (Owolana & Booth, 2016); (Ling & Nguyen, 2013) 6 Falta de legislação vigente e de incentivo governamental (Giorgi et al, 2022) ; (Liu et al, 2021) ; (Diotti et al, 2021) ; (Negash et al, 2021); (Spišáková et al, 2021) ; (Olanrewaju & Ogunmakinde, 2020); (Pellegrini et al, 2020) ; (Bailey et al, 2020) ; (Ratnasabapathy et al, 2021); (Maekawa et al, 2013) ; (Mawed et al, 2020); (Vidyasekar & Selvan, 2019); (Liyanage et al, 2019) ; (Narcis et al, 2019) ; (Ling & Nguyen, 2013); (Gagnon et al, 2022) ; (Yu et al, 2021); (Condotta & Zatta, 2021); (Bao et al, 2020); (Low et al, 2020 ); (Mahpour, 2018); (Udawatta et al, 2018) ; (Owolana & Booth, 2016) ; Falta de fiscalização de obras (Spišáková et al, 2021) ; (Olanrewaju & Ogunmakinde, 2020) ; (Pellegrini et al, 2020); (Bailey et al, 2020) ; (Ratnasabapathy et al, 2021); (Mawed et al, 2020); (Liyanage et al, 2019) Em relação as barreiras econômicas, o custo de implantação de n...…”

A Construct Validation Approach for Exploring Sustainability Adoption in Pakistani Construction Projects

“…From an economic perspective, the construction sector is a significant contributor towards employability by absorbing a bigger chunk of the labor force. On the other hand, construction projects are intrinsically irresponsible towards the environment and the community [32] as they involve extensive use of materials and energy. This significantly contributes to environmental degradation and disturbs the ecosystem [33].…”

Identification of Obstacles to Implementing Sustainability in the Civil Construction Industry Using Bow-Tie Tool

“…In addition to the concern during the planning and execution of construction works as to energy consumption, another important concern is with the waste material generated and with demolition [29,30]. Ding, Wang and Zou [31] showed that about 30 to 40% of the waste generated in China comes from construction and demolition and that this waste needs to be managed.…”