Construction and Comparative Analyses of Highly Dense Linkage Maps of Two Sweet Cherry Intra-Specific Progenies of Commercial Cultivars

Abstract

Despite the agronomical importance and high synteny with other Prunus species, breeding improvements for cherry have been slow compared to other temperate fruits, such as apple or peach. However, the recent release of the peach genome v1.0 by the International Peach Genome Initiative and the sequencing of cherry accessions to identify Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) provide an excellent basis for the advancement of cherry genetic and genomic studies. The availability of dense genetic linkage maps in phenotyped segregating progenies would be a valuable tool for breeders and geneticists. Using two sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) intra-specific progenies derived from crosses between ‘Black Tartarian’ × ‘Kordia’ (BT×K) and ‘Regina’ × ‘Lapins’(R×L), high-density genetic maps of the four parental lines and the two segregating populations were constructed. For BT×K and R×L, 89 and 121 F1 plants were used for linkage mapping, respectively. A total of 5,696 SNP markers were tested in each progeny. As a result of these analyses, 723 and 687 markers were mapped into eight linkage groups (LGs) in BT×K and R×L, respectively. The resulting maps spanned 752.9 and 639.9 cM with an average distance of 1.1 and 0.9 cM between adjacent markers in BT×K and R×L, respectively. The maps displayed high synteny and co-linearity between each other, with the Prunus bin map, and with the peach genome v1.0 for all eight LGs (LG1–LG8). These maps provide a useful tool for investigating traits of interest in sweet cherry and represent a qualitative advance in the understanding of the cherry genome and its synteny with other members of the Rosaceae family.

Identification of Four New Est-Based Markers on the Apple (MALUS ⋉ DOMESTICA) Genetic Map

“…Some rearrangement of markers in small regions of apple maps, indicated as single inversion events caused by local inconsistency in marker order, was reported by other authors too, and was explained as a result of differences in recombination frequencies between the parents of the mapping populations (Silfverberg- Dilworth et al 2006, Igarashi et al 2008, N'Diaye et al 2008. The presence of many rearrangements detected in other Rosaceous species confirmed this theory (Klagges et al 2013).…”

Breeding in peach, cherry and plum: from a tissue culture, genetic, transcriptomic and genomic perspective

“…Association of these quality traits with the polymorphisms in segregating mapping populations may provide direct evidence of the role that these polymorphisms play in phenotypic variation. Recent genomic advances are giving rise to technological platforms that enable researchers to identify large numbers of polymorphisms and create of high density linkage maps (Klagges et al, 2013). Association of these molecular markers with quantitative trait loci (QTLs) has the potential to provide useful and cost eff ective tools for marker assisted breeding programs (Dirlewanger et al, 2012;Eduardo et al, 2013).…”

“…A genetic map was developed based on 125 full-sib hybrids of a cross between "Regina" (one of the most cracking-tolerant commercial cultivars) and "Lapins" (having intermediate tolerance to cracking). Recently, high density sweet cherry linkage maps have been developed with high saturation of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) markers (Klagges et al, 2013), using the RosBREED cherry 6K SNP array v1 . The sequencing of the sweet cherry genome was also initiated a few years ago .…”

Breeding rootstocks for Prunus species: Advances in genetic and genomics of peach and cherry as a model

“…A chip is also available for cherry with 5696 SNPs, which was validated by evaluating 269 cherry and 330 sour cherry accessions (Peace et al, 2012). This chip was used by Klagges et al (2013) to construct maps of two cherry populations, that is, 'Black Tartarian' × 'Kordia' (BT×K) with 89 individuals and 'Regina' × 'Lapins' (R×L) with 121 individuals. Results included 723 and 687 markers mapped in eight linkage groups on the BT×K and R×L maps, respectively.…”