Construction and application of an adapted rock physics template (ARPT) for characterizing a deep and strongly cemented gas sand in the Nam Con Son Basin, Vietnam

An Innovative Seismo-Petrophysical Characterization of a Turbidite Sand in the Nam Con Son Basin, Using Permeability-Linked Adapted Rock Physics Template (K-Arpt) with Reference to Gas Exploration and Carbon Storage

“…1b) at depths of more than 3.5 km and has a thickness of over 40 m with multiple stacked reservoir units. The cementation of the MMF30 sand is a combination of different types, i.e., quartz overgrowth, clayey, and calcite cements (Giao et al, 2021). Quartz overgrowth occurs when the original quartz grains in the sandstone are dissolved and re-precipitated as a new overgrowth layer that reduces porosity and permeability.…”

“…Machine learning-based petrophysical prediction is a technique that uses artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms to predict the reservoir's properties based on the well log data (e.g., (Bangert, 2021;Giao et al, 2022Giao et al, , 2018Korjani, 2016;Misra et al, 2019;Ratnayake and Giao, 2022;Saikia et al, 2020). Rock physical modeling (RPM) uses mechanical laws and laboratory measurements to model the rock's behavior under different conditions (e.g., Avseth et al, 2005;Avseth and Odegaard, 2004;Giao et al, 2021;Mavko et al, 2009). Seismic inversion involves the use of seismic data to image the subsurface and extract information about the reservoir properties.…”

“…However, for the turbidite sands at the HT-MT field, which exhibit a cement percentage of 10%, the Adapted Stiff Sand Model (ASSM) has been found to perform well (Giao et al, 2021). This suggests that the ASSM is capable of adequately capturing the complex behavior of highly-cemented turbidite sands, making it a valuable tool for reservoir characterization and modeling in such environments.…”

“…The key differ-ence between SSM and ASSM is that the latter makes use of a modified form of Biot-Gassmann's equation and in situ density and sonic logs to determine the dry moduli of the sand. Consequently, the bulk and shear moduli at the low-end porosity (∅=0%) and highend porosity, ∅c (critical porosity), in the SSM are replaced by the modified moduli calculated using the modified upper Hashin-Shtrikman's bound in the ASSM (Giao et al, 2021).…”

Pore and Microfracture Characterization in Tight Gas Sandstone Reservoirs with a New Rock-Physics-Based Seismic Attribute

“…In practice, various templates constructed based on appropriate rock physics models provide effective tools for estimating reservoir parameters utilizing elastic properties in various hydrocarbon resources [16][17][18][19]. For instance, the rock physics templates (RPTs) were employed for fluid identification [20] and brittleness evaluation [21] in tight sandstone reservoirs.…”