“…These sensors have several advantages, including their compact size, affordable price, lower power consumption, straightforward processing, and good stability [ 21 ]. Previously, researchers have investigated various types of metal oxides, such as CuO [ 22 , 23 ], MnO 2 [ 24 ], NiO [ 25 ], Fe 2 O 3 [ 26 ], and ZnO [ 27 ], as electron mediators for sensing applications. Additionally, doped metal oxides, such as NiO.CoO nanocomposites [ 28 ], CdO.SnO 2 .V 2 O 5 [ 29 ], CuO.In 2 O 3 [ 30 ], CuO.Nd 2 O 5 [ 31 ], CuO.NiO [ 32 ], and CuO.ZnO [ 33 ], have been studied as efficient sensing materials with higher sensitivity, small detection limits, wide linear dynamic ranges, and quick response times.…”