Constructing legitimacy in post-war transition: The return of ‘normal’ politics in Nepal and Sri Lanka?

Byrne, Sarah; Klem, Bart

doi:10.1016/j.geoforum.2014.10.002

Cited by 27 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In this regard, Gibbon and Ponte (2005) outline how structural adjustment programs resulting in market liberalization facilitated the rise of buyer-driven value chains. Byrne and Klem (2015) refer to post-war situations as typical transitional stages, often fragile, unpredictable and chaotic. It appears that in Uganda the transitional stage after the war, despite all the distress it caused, created a ‘window of opportunity’.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic agriculture in post-war Uganda: emergence of pioneer-led niches between 1986 and 1993

Hauser

Lindtner

2016

Renew. Agric. Food Syst.

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Uganda is the largest producer of organic commodities in Africa. While most of the literature associate the start of organic agriculture in Uganda with the first certified project, no accounts exist about non-certified organic agriculture before 1993. Both in Europe and in the USA, pioneers drove non-certified organic agriculture as a response to economic, ecological and social crises. Uganda suffered two decades of civil war ending in 1986 causing multiple crises. We explore how post-war conditions influenced the emergence of organic agriculture in Uganda. We conducted individual semi-structured interviews with 12 organic agriculture experts from Central and Southwestern Uganda. Interviews were held in English using interview guides informed by a transition theoretical perspective. Interviews were tape-recorded, transcribed and analyzed using deductive and inductive coding. Our analysis shows that the degraded environment, food insecurity and economic instability after the war created a sense of urgency for the rehabilitation of livelihoods. Pioneers, including civil society activists, farmers, entrepreneurs and researchers, responded by promoting low-cost, resource-conserving technologies and agronomic practices to smallholder farmers. Economic liberalization, decentralization and institutional vacuum eased pioneers’ activities, despite facing opponents from the government and research. Through experimental learning, demonstration farms and cooperation with the Catholic Church, public extension services, researchers and international development-oriented non-governmental organizations, pioneers reached out to farmers in Eastern, Central and Southwestern Uganda. As challenging as post-war crises may be, they offer opportunities for changing development trajectories. Therefore, reconstruction and rehabilitation efforts can accommodate sustainability concerns and allow the introduction of course-changing measures in any sector.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic agriculture in post-war Uganda: emergence of pioneer-led niches between 1986 and 1993

Hauser

Lindtner

2016

Renew. Agric. Food Syst.

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“…The borderlands signify the fraught divisions between “self” and “other” that occupy the very center of the nation's people and the state's territory. Radiating from the borderlands, the contours of inclusion and exclusion reverberate across South Asia's entire expanse (Tambiah, ), from ethno‐nationalist conflicts and antagonisms in Ladakh (S. Smith, ) to Sinhala majoritarianism in Sri Lanka (Byrne & Klem, ; Goonewardena, ). These imaginative geographies that underwrite these conflicts, it should be noted, are not just confined to spectacular violence of war but have woven their way into the “routine violence” (Pandey, ) and militarization (Bhan, ) of everyday life.…”

Section: Partitions Of the National Formmentioning

confidence: 99%

Postcolonial geographies and colonialism's mutations: The geo‐graphing of South Asia

Ashutosh

2019

Geography Compass

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This article builds on postcolonial geography's concepts of imaginative geographies, worlding, and subaltern geopolitics by applying them to an examination of South Asia's regional formation in the mid-20th century. Following a review of debates in postcolonial geography, I analyze the mutations of colonialism as they shaped the dynamics of South Asia in the wake of formal decolonization. First, the Indian subcontinent's partition inscribed colonial knowledge onto the imaginative geographies of postcolonial nation-states. Second, South Asia was symptomatic of the Cold War's process of worlding, as reflected in the division of global space and the forms of knowledge generated by American area studies. Third, decolonization and postcolonial migrations provided subaltern geopolitical configurations of the region in tension with the nation-state. This analysis emphasizes postcolonial geography's value in tracking colonialism's shifts across networks of empire and in the passage from anticolonial movements to postcolonial state territorialization.

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“…While our main focus here is on rupture and continuity in terms of territorial politics, it should be noted that this is imbricated in multiple other ongoing socio-economic and political transformations (on the topic of change, see Nightingale and Rankin, 2014;de Sales, 2011;Zharkevich, 2014). On post-war politics more generally, see the contributors to von Einsiedel et al (2012) as well as Byrne and Klem (2015); Jha (2014); Lawoti (2014). 2.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On post‐war politics more generally, see the contributors to von Einsiedel et al. () as well as Byrne and Klem (); Jha (); Lawoti ().…”

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confidence: 99%

Making Territory: War, Post‐war and the Entangled Scales of Contested Forest Governance in Mid‐Western Nepal

Byrne¹,

Nightingale²,

Korf³

2016

Development and Change

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Ruptures that constitute exceptional events in national politics intersect in different ways with local politics, where more ongoing, continuous processes of both contestation and conservation around natural resource use may persist amidst a turbulent political landscape on other scales. Nepal, with its series of unfinished revolutions, civil war (1996–2006), and recurrently contested process of state (trans‐)formation, is a case in point. Through a study of a contested forest in mid‐western Nepal, this article analyses the entanglement of rupture and realignment of contentious claims to political authority across different scales, as well as the continuities of negotiations over claims to recognition of forest use and citizenship rights. The authors analyse some of the messy and complex practices through which authority to govern forests is claimed and legitimated, and citizenship rights are asserted and defined. They show that while political ruptures caused by the war and post‐war dynamics unsettle and reshuffle the political terrain, claims to citizenship and property rights endure, even if the language and form of the claim are adapted. These claims are embedded within existing jurisdictions but, at the same time, actors lay claims to property and citizenship rights by working across scales and re‐negotiating their boundaries. ‘Making territory’, the authors conclude, is the effect of the entanglement of these different territorial politics and practices.

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Constructing legitimacy in post-war transition: The return of ‘normal’ politics in Nepal and Sri Lanka?

Cited by 27 publications

References 24 publications

Organic agriculture in post-war Uganda: emergence of pioneer-led niches between 1986 and 1993

Organic agriculture in post-war Uganda: emergence of pioneer-led niches between 1986 and 1993

Postcolonial geographies and colonialism's mutations: The geo‐graphing of South Asia

Making Territory: War, Post‐war and the Entangled Scales of Contested Forest Governance in Mid‐Western Nepal

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