Constructing interval models using neural networks with non-additive combinations of grey prediction models in tourism demand

Abstract

PurposeIn contrast to point forecasts, interval forecasts provide information on future variability. This research thus aimed to develop interval prediction models by addressing two significant issues: (1) a simple average with an additive property is commonly used to derive combined forecasts, but this unreasonably ignores the interaction among sequences used as sources of information, and (2) the time series often does not conform to any statistical assumptions.Design/methodology/approachTo develop an interval prediction model, the fuzzy integral was applied to nonlinearly combine forecasts generated by a set of grey prediction models, and a sequence including the combined forecasts was then used to construct a neural network. All required parameters relevant to the construction of an interval model were optimally determined by the genetic algorithm.FindingsThe empirical results for tourism demand showed that the proposed non-additive interval model outperformed the other interval prediction models considered.Practical implicationsThe private and public sectors in economies with high tourism dependency can benefit from the proposed model by using the forecasts to help them formulate tourism strategies.Originality/valueIn light of the usefulness of combined point forecasts and interval model forecasting, this research contributed to the development of non-additive interval prediction models on the basis of combined forecasts generated by grey prediction models.

Forecast combination using grey prediction with fuzzy integral and time-varying weighting in tourism

“…Recently, Hu (2022, 2023a), Hu et al . (2023) and Jiang and Hu (2023) applied Choquet integral to tourism forecast combination. The fuzzy integral can solve the problem arising from preferential dependence among attributes in multiple attribute decision making (MADM) (Hu et al ., 2004; Liou and Tzeng, 2012; Liou et al ., 2014; Tzeng and Shen, 2017).…”

A matrixed nonlinear exponential grey Bernoulli model for interval number prediction of crude oil futures prices

“…The grey prediction model performs excellently in predicting uncertain systems with small samples (Deng, 1982). It has been applied in fields such as traffic (Mao et al, 2018;He et al, 2023b), tourism demand (Hu, 2023;Jiang and Hu, 2023), material life (Li and Xie, 2023) and energy consumption (Ofosu-Adarkwa and Yao and Mao, 2023). GM(1,1) can be improved according to the needs of the actual sequence.…”

Birth Rate Prediction System Based on Grey Prediction and Gradient Boosting Regression Tree Ensemble Model

“…It is generally applicable to time series occasions. [5] We employed the Grey Prediction Algorithm GM (1,1) to predict the values of various indicators for the years 2022 and 2023. The following is the elaboration of prediction principle.…”