Constructing Highly Reliable and Adaptive Primary Explosive Composites for Micro‐Initiator Assisting by a Hybrid Template of Metal–Organic Frameworks and Cross‐Linked Polymers

Abstract

Primary explosive, as a reliable initiator for secondary explosives, is the central component of micro‐initiators for modern aerospace systems and military operations. However, they are typically prepared as powders, posing potential safety risks because of the inevitable particles scattering issues in the actual working environments. Here, the fabrication of a highly adaptive bulk material of copper azide (CA)‐based safe primary explosive for micro‐initiators is demonstrated. This bulk material, as derived by a complete azidation reaction of the carbonized metal–organic framework/cross‐linked polymer hybrid template, enables the firm embedding of active CA species in a cross‐linked carbon network (denoted as CA‐C). Interestingly, this CA‐C bulk material demonstrates multifarious mechanical stabilities (e.g., good shock and vibration resistance, and anti‐overload capacity) in the simulated working conditions. Meanwhile, the CA contents in the CA‐C bulk material reached as high as 70.3%, ensuring its detonation power. As a proof of concept, CA‐C bulk material assembling in a micro‐detonator can efficiently detonate the secondary explosive of CL‐20 under laser irradiation. This work hereby advances the fabrication of safe and powerful primary explosives for the fulfillment of safe micro‐initiator in a broad range of applications in aerospace systems.

Metal‐Free Hybrid Energetic Composites Based on Donor–Acceptor π‐Conjugated Organic Energetic Catalysts with Enlightening the Laser Ignition Performance of Multi‐Scale Ammonium Perchlorate

“…We chose a mass mixing ratio of 40:60 for D-n and AP because in that case oxygen balance of D-n/AP can approach zero, which suggests that complete oxidation upon detonation or combustion results in the maximum amount of energy release. [36] Results of field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) (Figure 6a-f) revealed that because AP was dispersed in the suspension of D-n by ultrasonic or stirring, [37,38] D-n/AP can form a relatively uniform structure in spite of the key role of intermolecular hydrogen bonding in the structural stabilization of hybrid composite materials. Meanwhile, AP provided a heterogeneous surface to stimulate the precipitation of D-n crystals and make the particle size uneven.…”

In Situ Electrochemical Construction of CuN3@CuCl Hybrids for Controllable Energy Release and Self-Passivation Ability

“…This emphasizes the importance of efficiently regulating the energetic characteristics of EMs. Presently, copper-based azides (CA, CuN 3, and Cu­(N 3 ) 2 ) have gained significant attention for integration with MEMS due to their good initiation ability and environmental friendliness. − To overcome the undesirable electrostatic sensitivity, CA is supported in conductive carbon materials through physical mixing (carbon fiber, graphite, graphene, or graphene oxide) or via in situ synthesis (carbon nanotubes or porous carbon). − Despite these advancements, these methods are challenging in terms of complex syntheses, high costs, and safety risks during preparation. Furthermore, achieving efficient and secure MEMS-compatible EMs by tuning the properties of CA materials remains a significant challenge.…”

Evaluation of a novel composite of expanded polystyrene with rGO and SEBS‐g‐MA

“…The properties of a polymer can be improved by integrating them with other materials through composite formation (Li et al, 2020; Shah et al, 2015). Moreover, a composite can be prepared by mixing a polymer with various other entities such as metals, clays, polymers, metal–organic frameworks, nanofillers and so forth in order to acquire desired properties of a target polymer (Das et al, 2022; Fang et al, 2023; Melentiev et al, 2022; Raina et al, 2023; Sahu et al, 2023). Zeinali et al improved the optical properties of polystyrene by depositing TiO 2 nanoparticles on its surface using spin‐coating method (Zeinali et al, 2019).…”