“…Some have argued that most teachers of online or hybrid courses continue to espouse more traditional teaching methods characterized by transmission models (Baran, Correia, & Thompson, 2011), which result in the perpetuation of teacher-student power imbalances (Baran, Correia, & Thompson, 2013) and promote learning as an individualistic endeavor (Schneider & Smith, 2014). Others, however, suggest that critical online pedagogy is possible (Wang & Torrisi-Steele, 2015), and such pedagogy can become "a form of political intervention entangled in a broader project of transformation and social justice" (Caruthers & Friend, 2014, p. 15) if teachers deliberately utilize technology as a tool for dialectic transformation (Schneider & Smith, 2014). These researchers have suggested that such critical online pedagogies might include critically framed discussions and self-reflection (Wang & Torrisi-Steele, 2015), digital storytelling (Guajardo, Oliver, Valadez, Cantu, and Guajardo, 2011), and collaborative writing and coproduced texts (Caruthers & Friend, 2014).…”