Abstract:Building photovoltaic integration (BIPV) technology can effectively solve the urban energy shortage, environmental damage, and other environmental problems, which is of great significance to the sustainable development of the urban. However, the practical application of BIPV technology has been very slow, and BIPV projects have encountered numerous obstacles and risks in the process of promotion and construction. Although some researchers have conducted qualitative studies on these obstacles and risks, systema… Show more
“…Risks associated with the development of BIPV residential projects have been studied across multiple levels: user acceptance [11,24,25], market development potential [26,27], economic benefit [27,28], environmental benefit [29], and technical barriers [30,31]. To encourage BIPV residential projects in the community, it is necessary to consider public acceptance of BIPV technology [24].…”
Section: A Study Of Development Risks In Bipv Residential Projectsmentioning
Numerous countries are implementing building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) technology to enhance the energy performance of buildings, as new energy sources have attracted global interest. BIPV residential programs are an essential method to alleviate energy stress and promote energy transition in buildings; however, the high level of technology and capital investment required have hampered their marketization. Although certain obstacles have been examined by researchers, there remains a lack of studies concerning risk assessment in the context of the development of BIPV residential projects. Therefore, this study strives to develop a risk assessment model for the development of these projects. First, a risk evaluation index system is proposed by identifying and analyzing the risks associated with the development of BIPV residential projects, following the lines of risk identification–risk analysis–risk evaluation–risk management. Second, the DEMATEL-ANP-gray cluster analysis was utilized to construct the development risk assessment model. Finally, a case study demonstrates that the methodology proposed in this study can effectively solve the issues associated with correlating risk factors and the quantification of the magnitude of risks in the development of BIPV residential projects. This study will serve as a valuable reference for architect-urban developers and engineer contractors to formulate risk governance countermeasures for BIPV residential projects as it provides a framework for assessing the risk associated with their development.
“…Risks associated with the development of BIPV residential projects have been studied across multiple levels: user acceptance [11,24,25], market development potential [26,27], economic benefit [27,28], environmental benefit [29], and technical barriers [30,31]. To encourage BIPV residential projects in the community, it is necessary to consider public acceptance of BIPV technology [24].…”
Section: A Study Of Development Risks In Bipv Residential Projectsmentioning
Numerous countries are implementing building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) technology to enhance the energy performance of buildings, as new energy sources have attracted global interest. BIPV residential programs are an essential method to alleviate energy stress and promote energy transition in buildings; however, the high level of technology and capital investment required have hampered their marketization. Although certain obstacles have been examined by researchers, there remains a lack of studies concerning risk assessment in the context of the development of BIPV residential projects. Therefore, this study strives to develop a risk assessment model for the development of these projects. First, a risk evaluation index system is proposed by identifying and analyzing the risks associated with the development of BIPV residential projects, following the lines of risk identification–risk analysis–risk evaluation–risk management. Second, the DEMATEL-ANP-gray cluster analysis was utilized to construct the development risk assessment model. Finally, a case study demonstrates that the methodology proposed in this study can effectively solve the issues associated with correlating risk factors and the quantification of the magnitude of risks in the development of BIPV residential projects. This study will serve as a valuable reference for architect-urban developers and engineer contractors to formulate risk governance countermeasures for BIPV residential projects as it provides a framework for assessing the risk associated with their development.
“…Numerical approaches were applied in this paper's risk analysis and evaluation procedure (see Section 4), as well as in the issue of distributional validation under the NRR and its updated equivalent version (see Section 7). For more details, see Alanzi et al [14], Zhou and Gao [15], Hamed et al [16], and Yousof et al [17].…”
This paper introduces and studies a unique probability distribution. The maximum likelihood estimation, the ordinary least squares, the weighted least squares, and the Anderson–Darling estimation methods all take into account a number of financial risk indicators, including the value-at-risk, tail-value-at-risk, tail variance, tail mean-variance, and mean excess loss function. These four approaches were used in a simulation study and an application to insurance claims data for the actuarial evaluation. The well-known Nikulin–Rao–Robson statistic is taken into consideration for distributional validation under the whole set of data. Three complete actual datasets and a simulation study are used to evaluate the Nikulin–Rao–Robson test statistic. An updated version of the Nikulin–Rao–Robson statistic is taken into consideration for censored distributional validation. Three censored actual datasets and a thorough simulation analysis are used to evaluate the novel Nikulin–Rao–Robson test statistic.
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