Constructal Pattern Formation in Nature, Pedestrian Motion, and Epidemics Propagation

The occurrence of flow pattern can be predicted based on constructal law. Scale analysis is a method for deriving the essential information based on the basic principles of fluid flow and heat transfer. It provides order-of-magnitudes but also the form of the functions that describe the quantities understudy. In flow systems, patterns (configuration, design, architecture) arise from competition between competing trends, at least two modes of transport or locomotion: slow (diffusion, walk, etc.) and fast (streams, run, etc.). Optimal patterns mean the best flow access and the best balance between these trends. The study presented here follows from the scale analysis together with constructal and, is illustrated by examples from simple water heating to human locomotion.

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Key Mechanisms behind Pedestrian Dynamics: Individual and Collective Patterns of Motion

Miguel

2015

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Locomotion consists of cyclic events controlled by the neuronal activity of networks called central pattern generators. For a correct management of pedestrian flows, under regular or safety-critical situations, a deep understanding of individual and crowd dynamics is crucial. Here, we examine the emergence of walking and running forms of human gait. Individual locomotion and its interaction with other pedestrians is studied. Another key aspect examined is the self-organization experienced by a group of individuals which is a key concept to understand crowd dynamics. Self-organization leads to emergent properties, meaning that the whole system has characteristics that differ qualitatively from those of the component parts. The mechanisms behind the emergence of self-organized pattern of motion are also studied.

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Constructal Pattern Formation in Nature, Pedestrian Motion, and Epidemics Propagation

Cited by 3 publications

References 50 publications

Toward a Quantitative Unifying Theory of Natural Design of Flow Systems: Emergence and Evolution

Toward a Quantitative Unifying Theory of Natural Design of Flow Systems: Emergence and Evolution

Scale Analysis for Optimal Pattern Formation in Flow Systems

Key Mechanisms behind Pedestrian Dynamics: Individual and Collective Patterns of Motion

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