Construct Validation of 4 Food-Environment Assessment Methods: Adapting a Multitrait-Multimethod Matrix Approach for Environmental Measures

Minaker, Leia M.; Raine, Kim D.; Wild, T. Cameron; Nykiforuk, Candace I. J.; Thompson, Mary E.; Frank, Lawrence D.

doi:10.1093/aje/kwt272

Cited by 17 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…[9][10][11]26 Previous research in a Canadian context has noted that food availability, food quality and food affordability are better predicted at a smaller geographic scale. 27 Fruit juice consumption is positively associated with FV consumption, suggesting that Canadians consuming fruit juice are, on average, eating more fruit and vegetables. However, the relationship between income decile and fruit juice consumption is strengthened when controlling for FV consumption, which signals that, irrespective of intake of FV, fruit juice consumption is higher among those with lower income.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socio-economic status and fruit juice consumption in Canada

Shupler

Raine

2017

Can J Public Health

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OBJECTIVES:The role of socio-economic status (SES) in fruit juice and fruit drink consumption is not well understood in a Canadian context. This study examines the relationship between SES and Canadian fruit juice and fruit drink consumption. METHODS:The Canadian Community Health Survey (2011)(2012), a cross-sectional survey that employs multistage cluster sampling, provided relevant data for a sample of 103 125 Canadians, aged 12 and older, living in the 10 provinces. Household income level decile, ranked at the health region level, was used as a surrogate measure of SES. Fruit juice and fruit drink consumption data were collected via self-report in telephone/in-person interviews. Multivariable gamma regression was used to model the relationship between SES and frequency of fruit juice and fruit drink consumption, adjusting for age, sex, diabetes status, daily fruit and vegetable consumption, education level, racial identity and physical activity. RESULTS:A negative relationship was found, with a decreasing daily rate of fruit juice and fruit drink consumption associated with increasing SES. In the adjusted model, Canadians in the lowest SES category consumed fruit juice and fruit drinks at an average daily rate 1.18 times (95% CI: 1.14-1.23) that of Canadians in the highest SES category. CONCLUSION:The negative association between health region-adjusted SES and fruit juice and fruit drink consumption highlights the potentially important role of socio-economic factors at a local level. Canadian policy that aims to lower fruit juice and fruit drink consumption, and thus sugar intake, should target financial avenues (such as making fruit juice less financially attractive by lowering the cost of whole fruit and vegetables) in addition to communicating health benefits.KEY WORDS: Fruit and vegetable juices; socio-economic factors; income La traduction du résumé se trouve à la fin de l'article.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socio-economic status and fruit juice consumption in Canada

Shupler

Raine

2017

Can J Public Health

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“…The NEMS-S [33] and NEMS-R [34] are inventory-type measures of food stores and restaurants, respectively, that score outlets according to the quality, relative affordability, availability, and marketing of foods and beverages that comprise a large proportion of caloric intake at the population level. Data collection methods employed in the current study have been reported in detail elsewhere [42, 43]. Briefly, the Region of Waterloo’s public health inspection database was used to identify food outlets, and systematic direct observation was used to identify additional outlets and remove non-existent food outlets within the three cities from the sampling frame.…”

Section: Study Region and Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Do marginalized neighbourhoods have less healthy retail food environments? An analysis using Bayesian spatial latent factor and hurdle models

2016

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BackgroundFindings of whether marginalized neighbourhoods have less healthy retail food environments (RFE) are mixed across countries, in part because inconsistent approaches have been used to characterize RFE ‘healthfulness’ and marginalization, and researchers have used non-spatial statistical methods to respond to this ultimately spatial issue.MethodsThis study uses in-store features to categorize healthy and less healthy food outlets. Bayesian spatial hierarchical models are applied to explore the association between marginalization dimensions and RFE healthfulness (i.e., relative healthy food access that modelled via a probability distribution) at various geographical scales. Marginalization dimensions are derived from a spatial latent factor model. Zero-inflation occurring at the walkable-distance scale is accounted for with a spatial hurdle model.ResultsNeighbourhoods with higher residential instability, material deprivation, and population density are more likely to have access to healthy food outlets within a walkable distance from a binary ‘have’ or ‘not have’ access perspective. At the walkable distance scale however, materially deprived neighbourhoods are found to have less healthy RFE (lower relative healthy food access).ConclusionFood intervention programs should be developed for striking the balance between healthy and less healthy food access in the study region as well as improving opportunities for residents to buy and consume foods consistent with dietary recommendations.

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“…There are thousands of food environment features that are measurable, but not all measures are equal in terms of their ability to raise awareness or inform policy priorities. For example, the Nutrition Measures Survey in Stores (NEMS-S), which has been adapted for use in different Canadian contexts, 15 is an inventory-type measure that assesses the availability, quality and affordability of commonly consumed foods and more nutritious versions of those foods. The NEMS-S provides a score in each of three domains related to nutritious food: availability, quality and affordability.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Retail food environments in Canada: Maximizing the impact of research, policy and practice

Minaker

2016

Can J Public Health

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Retail food environments are gaining national and international attention as important determinants of population dietary intake. Communities across Canada are beginning to discuss and implement programs and policies to create supportive retail food environments. Three considerations should drive the selection of food environment assessment methods: relevance (What is the problem, and how is it related to dietary outcomes?); resources (What human, time and financial resources are required to undertake an assessment?); and response (How will policy-makers find meaning out of and act on the information gained through the food environment assessment?). Ultimately, food environment assessments should be conducted in the context of stakeholder buy-in and multi-sectoral partnerships, since food environment solutions require multi-sectoral action. Partnerships between public health actors and the food and beverage industry can be challenging, especially when mandates are not aligned. Clarifying the motivations, expectations and roles of all stakeholders takes time but is important if the impact of food environment research, policy and practice is to be maximized. The articles contained in this special supplementary issue describe ongoing food environments research across Canada and fill some of the important gaps in the current body of Canadian food environments literature.KEY WORDS: Food; environment; public health; diet La traduction du résumé se trouve à la fin de l'article.

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Construct Validation of 4 Food-Environment Assessment Methods: Adapting a Multitrait-Multimethod Matrix Approach for Environmental Measures

Cited by 17 publications

References 43 publications

Socio-economic status and fruit juice consumption in Canada

Socio-economic status and fruit juice consumption in Canada

Do marginalized neighbourhoods have less healthy retail food environments? An analysis using Bayesian spatial latent factor and hurdle models

Retail food environments in Canada: Maximizing the impact of research, policy and practice

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