Construct and predictive validities of the Perceptual Ability Test

Kramer, GA; Kubiak, AT; Smith, RM

doi:10.1002/j.0022-0337.1989.53.2.tb02290.x

Cited by 17 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…Manual dexterity is an important aspect of clinical dentistry, but despite many attempts to date, there are no standardized means of determining the manual dexterity potential of dental school candidates 1 – 5 . While Dental Admission Test (DAT) scores have been consistently shown to be valid predictors of academic performance in years one and two of dental school, 6 they are less useful as predictors of preclinical performance 7 . Of the individual DAT scores, the Perceptual Ability Test (PAT) score helps to explain the variance attributable to preclinical and clinical success 8 compared with the didactic or cognitive component alone 6 .…”

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confidence: 99%

The Use of Haptics to Predict Preclinic Operative Dentistry Performance and Perceptual Ability

Urbankova

Engebretson

2011

Journal of Dental Education

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The aim of this study was to test whether performance on a range of manual dexterity haptic simulator exercises was associated with preclinical operative dentistry examination and Perceptual Ability Test (PAT) scores. Thirty-nine first-year dental students were tested with three haptic exercises-straight line, circle, and mirror line-each performed twice. Haptic exercise outcomes for accuracy, time, and success rate were measured using commercially available computer software. Spearman correlation coefficients and Student's t-test were used to assess the results. PAT and exam scores were not significantly correlated. Significant correlations were observed between exam scores and both time and accuracy scores for the circle and mirror exams. These results suggest that haptic devices have a potential role in predicting performance in preclinical dental education. Further studies are warranted to develop and validate diagnostic testing strategies for dental students and to evaluate implementation of haptics in the dental teaching environment.

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The Use of Haptics to Predict Preclinic Operative Dentistry Performance and Perceptual Ability

Urbankova

Engebretson

2011

Journal of Dental Education

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“…A selection instrument often used by dental schools is the Dental Admission Test. This includes a subtest concerning the ability to visualise patterns and relationships (8, 9), or what in psychometric terms is called spatial ability (10). A subtest of manual dexterity can also be included in the test (11).…”

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Assessment and evaluation of individual prerequisites for dental education

Radeborg

Bengtsson

et al. 2004

Eur J Dental Education

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Since 2001 the School of Dentistry of Malmo University in Sweden has used an alternative admissions procedure based on results of an investigation supported by the Swedish Council for the Renewal of Undergraduate Education. The investigation concerned possibilities of predicting dental school performance on the basis of an interview, as well as tests of general intelligence, spatial ability, manual dexterity, empathy and social competence. Two groups of incoming students were followed from start to completion of their training. Significant relationships were found between (i) number of course examinations failed and poor results on interviews, as well as low scores on intelligence, spatial ability, and a test of spatial-manual ability, (ii) good results in a pre-clinical course in cavity preparation and high scores on spatial ability, (iii) assessments of high social competence during training and good results on interviews, as well as high scores on empathy and non-verbal intelligence. Dropout from the study programme could not be predicted, possibly due to the varying reasons for it.

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“…The DAT is also used by most Canadian universities, but the PAT is replaced by the Manual Dexterity Test (MDT), a soap carving pattern 13 , 14 . The reliability and predictive validity of DAT have been assessed in studies that found a low correlation coefficient with dental students’ clinical performance, 9 , 15 , 16 although more predictive results were found in the first and second years of dental school 9 …”

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Design and Validation of a Basic Dental Psychomotor Skills Test for Novice Dental Students

Segura

Halabí

Navarro

2018

Journal of Dental Education

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The aim of this study was to design and validate the Dental Psychomotor Skills (DePS) test as an instrument to assess dental students’ psychomotor skills and to help educators adapt their academic practices to students’ needs. The DePS test was created considering three of the main skills needed for dental study and practice. The dimensions measured in the test were Indirect Vision (IV) with 24 items, Instructions Follow‐Up (FI) with 17 items, and Accuracy (A) with six items; each item was assessed at two stations. Scores were obtained with detailed rubrics, assessed by the same evaluator at each station. A total of 237 first‐year dental students, in four cohorts from 2012 to 2015, and 16 dental faculty instructors were evaluated. The construct validity of the instrument was supported by the rigorous build of ten stages, and the discriminative validity was supported by the comparison of the student and faculty results. The overall mean scores were 245.5±2.09 in the student group and 280.6±4.217 in the faculty group (difference: 35.15±7.00; p<0.001). Internal consistency was assessed by analyzing responses for each dimension using Cronbach's alpha, a statistical measure of reliability. Overall, Cronbach's alpha was 0.909 for dental students and 0.773 for faculty instructors. These results suggest that the DePS test is a valid test that could be used as a reliable basic skill tool at the beginning of the dental program to assess the abilities of novice dental students, to recognize student qualities, and to identify individuals requiring additional training.

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Construct and predictive validities of the Perceptual Ability Test

Cited by 17 publications

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The Use of Haptics to Predict Preclinic Operative Dentistry Performance and Perceptual Ability

The Use of Haptics to Predict Preclinic Operative Dentistry Performance and Perceptual Ability

Assessment and evaluation of individual prerequisites for dental education

Design and Validation of a Basic Dental Psychomotor Skills Test for Novice Dental Students

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