Constraints on negative-energy fluxes

Lh, Ford

doi:10.1103/physrevd.43.3972

Cited by 137 publications

(190 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…They have since been established for the free Klein-Gordon [22,24,26,38,10,16,8,19,47,20], Dirac [47,17,12], Maxwell [26,37,14] and Proca [14] quantum fields in both flat and curved spacetimes, the RaritaSchwinger field in Minkowski space [49], and also for general unitary positiveenergy conformal field theories in two-dimensional Minkowski space [11]. We will not give a full history of the development of the subject, referring the reader to the recent reviews [9,42].…”

Section: Quantum Energy Inequalitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum Energy Inequalities and Stability Conditions in Quantum Field Theory

Fewster

2007

Rigorous Quantum Field Theory

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Summary. We give a brief review of quantum energy inequalities (QEIs) and then discuss two lines of work which suggest that QEIs are closely related to various natural properties of quantum field theory which may all be regarded as stability conditions. The first is based on joint work with Verch, and draws connections between microscopic stability (microlocal spectrum condition), mesoscopic stability (QEIs) and macroscopic stability (passivity). The second direction considers QEIs for a countable number of massive scalar fields, and links the existence and scaling properties of QEIs to the spectrum of masses. The upshot is that the existence of a suitable QEI with polynomial scaling is a sufficient condition for the model to satisfy the Buchholz-Wichmann nuclearity criterion. We briefly discuss on-going work with Ojima and Porrmann which seeks to gain a deeper understanding of this relationship.

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Section: Quantum Energy Inequalitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum Energy Inequalities and Stability Conditions in Quantum Field Theory

Fewster

2007

Rigorous Quantum Field Theory

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“…Accordingly, it is important to understand the extent to which the weak energy condition may be violated. In a series of papers [2][3][4][5][6], Ford, Roman and Pfenning have studied quantum field theory in various flat and curved spacetimes and established lower bounds (known as quantum inequalities) on the time averaged energy densities measured by observers. 1 The results have been employed to argue against the possibility of traversable wormholes [8], warp drive [9] and also to discuss the rôle of negative energy densities in the process of black hole evaporation [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The sampling function employed by Ford et al is the Lorentzian function peaked at t = 0 2) in which τ sets the timescale over which sampling occurs. With this sampling function, Ford and Roman have shown [3] that in four dimensional Minkowski space the averaged energy density ρ f,ψ obeys the bound…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bounds on negative energy densities in flat spacetime

1998

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We generalise results of Ford and Roman which place lower bounds -known as quantum inequalities -on the renormalised energy density of a quantum field averaged against a choice of sampling function. Ford and Roman derived their results for a specific non-compactly supported sampling function; here we use a different argument to obtain quantum inequalities for a class of smooth, even and non-negative sampling functions which are either compactly supported or decay rapidly at infinity. Our results hold in d-dimensional Minkowski space (d ≥ 2) for the free real scalar field of mass m ≥ 0. We discuss various features of our bounds in 2 and 4 dimensions. In particular, for massless field theory in 2-dimensional Minkowski space, we show that our quantum inequality is weaker than Flanagan's optimal bound by a factor of 3 2 .

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“…The nonlocal time-integrated Ford-Roman quantum inequalities are one way of side-stepping this issue, and developing some significant constraints on the semiclassical stress-energy tensor [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. Those inequalities have led to the so-called "quantum interest conjecture", which attempts to more precisely quantify the size of the quantuminduced violations of the classical energy conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Semiclassical energy conditions for quantum vacuum states

Martín–Moruno

Visser

2013

J. High Energ. Phys.

106

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We present and develop several nonlinear energy conditions suitable for use in the semiclassical regime. In particular, we consider the recently formulated "flux energy condition" (FEC), and the novel "trace-of-square" (TOSEC) and "determinant" (DETEC) energy conditions. As we shall show, these nonlinear energy conditions behave much better than the classical linear energy conditions in the presence of semiclassical quantum effects. Moreover, whereas the quantum extensions of these nonlinear energy conditions seem to be quite widely satisfied as one enters the quantum realm, at least for quantum vacuum states, analogous quantum extensions are generally not useful for the linear classical energy conditions.

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Constraints on negative-energy fluxes

Cited by 137 publications

References 10 publications

Quantum Energy Inequalities and Stability Conditions in Quantum Field Theory

Quantum Energy Inequalities and Stability Conditions in Quantum Field Theory

Bounds on negative energy densities in flat spacetime

Semiclassical energy conditions for quantum vacuum states

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