Constraints on cosmic ray and PeV neutrino production in blazars

Zhang, B. Theodore; Li, Zhuo

doi:10.1088/1475-7516/2017/03/024

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 41 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Scenario 1: Constant baryonic loading: We assume a constant baryonic loading ξ( ) = ξ for all sources, as in Zhang & Li (2017); Scenario 2: Constant ratio L ν /L γ : We assume that the ratio between neutrino luminosity and γ-ray luminosity is constant, i.e., L ν /L γ ≡ K = const. This assumption is model-independent and has been used in previous works, such as Kadler et al (2016); Righi et al (2017); Halzen & Kheirandish (2016); Wang & Li (2016) to evaluate the flux of neutrinos from BL Lacs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We assume a constant baryonic loading ξ( ) =ξ for all sources, as in Zhang & Li (2017); 2015)), the green line represents the flux of throughgoing muons (x3, Aartsen et al (2016)) and the red line represents the current IceCube blazar stacking limit (Aartsen et al 2017b). The shaded yellow and cyan regions denote the contribution of BL Lacs and FSRQs, respectively, to the total flux of neutrinos, whereas the dotted yellow and cyan curves denote the contribution from resolved sources only.…”

Section: Scenario 1: Constant Baryonic Loadingmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Interpretation of the Diffuse Astrophysical Neutrino Flux in Terms of the Blazar Sequence

Palladino¹,

Rodrigues²,

Gao³

et al. 2019

ApJ

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We study if the diffuse astrophysical neutrino flux can come from blazar jets -a subclass of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs) -while it, at the same time, respects the blazar stacking limit based on source catalogs and is consistent with the observation from TXS 0506+056. We compute the neutrino flux from resolved and unresolved sources using an averaged, empirical relationship between electromagnetic spectrum and luminosity, known as the blazar sequence, for two populations of blazars (BL Lacs and FSRQs). Using a source model with realistic neutrino flux computations, we demonstrate that blazars can indeed power the diffuse neutrino flux at the highest energies and obey the stacking limit at the same time, and we derive the conditions for the baryonic loading (proton versus γ-ray luminosity) evolving over the blazar sequence. Under the hypothesis that low-luminosity blazars power the diffuse astrophysical neutrino flux, we find that the dominant contribution of the diffuse flux up to PeV energies must come from unresolved BL Lacs with baryonic loadings larger than about 10 5 -while only a very small contribution may come from resolved high-luminosity BL Lacs or FSRQs, which can be directly tested by the stacking limit. We find that the blazar TXS 0506+056 is on the verge of these populations in our baseline scenario, at a relatively high luminosity and redshift; as a consequence we predict about 0.3 γ-ray-neutrino associations per year from the whole population, dominated by BL Lacs with L γ 10 45 erg/s and z ∼ 0.1. arXiv:1806.04769v4 [astro-ph.HE]

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Scenario 1: Constant Baryonic Loadingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interpretation of the Diffuse Astrophysical Neutrino Flux in Terms of the Blazar Sequence

Palladino¹,

Rodrigues²,

Gao³

et al. 2019

ApJ

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The parameter ξ pγ actually accounts how much fraction of proton's energy carried by pions in the process. For UHE protons with energies ∼ 0.1 EeV, the pγ process is dominant one over the pp process [31].…”

Section: A Proton and Neutrino Energiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diffuse flux of PeV neutrinos from centrifugally accelerated protons in active galactic nuclei

Dey,

Basak,

Ray

2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Evidence for high-energy astrophysical PeV neutrinos has been found in the IceCube experiment from an analysis with a 7. 5-year (2010 -2017) data. Active galactic nuclei (AGN) are among the most prominent objects in the universe, and are widely speculated to be emitters of ultra-high-energy (UHE) cosmic rays with proton domination. Based on the standard two-step LLCD mechanism of particle acceleration, a transformation of energy occurs from AGN's central super-massive black hole (SMBH) rotation to high-energy protons. Protons can be accelerated up to ∼ 0.1 EeV energies and above, and might generate PeV neutrinos in the energy range 1-10 PeV through plausible hadronic interactions. The theoretically estimated revised extragalactic diffuse muon neutrino flux employing the 'luminosity-dependent density evolution (LDDE)' model for the AGN luminosity function (LF) is found consistent with the IceCube level if only a fraction, 6.56% of the total bolometric luminosity (BL) of AGN is being realizable to power the PeV neutrinos. In the Λ CDM cosmological framework with the LDDE modeled LF and photon index distribution, about 5.18% of the total BL is enough to power the IceCube neutrinos.

show abstract

“…We have checked that our results do not depend on the particular blazar model considered. Therefore, in the following we just use as a benchmark the "scenario 1" (see Figure 5 in (Palladino et al 2019b)) where the baryonic loading is assumed to be constant (see also Zhang & Li (2017)). In any case, as will be clear in the following, we check that in our best-fit scenarios the blazar neutrino component is always compatible with the IceCube stacking limit (Aartsen et al 2017b).…”

Section: Multi-messenger Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Starburst galaxies strike back: a multi-messenger analysis with Fermi-LAT and IceCube data

Ambrosone,

Chianese,

Fiorillo

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Starburst galaxies, which are known as "reservoirs" of high-energy cosmic-rays, can represent an important high-energy neutrino "factory" contributing to the diffuse neutrino flux observed by IceCube. In this paper, we revisit the constraints affecting the neutrino and gamma-ray hadronuclear emissions from this class of astrophysical objects. In particular, we go beyond the standard prototype-based approach leading to a simple power-law neutrino flux, and investigate a more realistic model based on a data-driven blending of spectral indexes, thereby capturing the observed changes in the properties of individual emitters. We then perform a multi-messenger analysis considering the extragalactic gamma-ray background (EGB) measured by Fermi-LAT and different IceCube data samples: the 7.5-year High-Energy Starting Events (HESE) and the 6-year high-energy cascade data. Along with starburst galaxies, we take into account the contributions from blazars and radio galaxies as well as the secondary gamma-rays from electromagnetic cascades. Remarkably, we find that, differently from the highly-constrained prototype scenario, the spectral index blending allows starburst galaxies to account for up to 40% of the HESE events at 95.4% CL, while satisfying the limit on the non-blazar EGB component. Moreover, values of O (100 PeV) for the maximal energy of accelerated cosmicrays by supernovae remnants inside the starburst are disfavoured in our scenario. In broad terms, our analysis points out that a better modeling of astrophysical sources could alleviate the tension between neutrino and gamma-ray data interpretation.

show abstract

Constraints on cosmic ray and PeV neutrino production in blazars

Cited by 9 publications

References 41 publications

Interpretation of the Diffuse Astrophysical Neutrino Flux in Terms of the Blazar Sequence

Interpretation of the Diffuse Astrophysical Neutrino Flux in Terms of the Blazar Sequence

Diffuse flux of PeV neutrinos from centrifugally accelerated protons in active galactic nuclei

Starburst galaxies strike back: a multi-messenger analysis with Fermi-LAT and IceCube data

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About