Constraining the magnitude of the Chiral Magnetic Effect with Event Shape Engineering in Pb–Pb collisions at <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" altimg="si1.gif" overflow="scroll"><mml:msqrt><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>s</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">NN</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:msqrt><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>2.76</mml:mn><mml:mtext> TeV</mml:mtext></mml:math>

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doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2017.12.021

Cited by 83 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 119 publications

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“…4.1, but by the event-shape engineering (ESE) method exploiting only dynamical fluctuations in v 2 [202]. This has been applied in real data analyses [169,203]. We discuss this method in Sect.…”

Section: Innovative Background Removal Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This shortcoming can be lifted by analyzing the ∆γ observable of POIs as a function of the q 2 [202] calculated not using the POIs but particles from a different phase space, e.g. displaced in pseudorapidity from the POIs [203,169]. This method is called "event-shape engineering" [202].…”

Section: Event-shape Engineeringmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Measurements of the charge-dependent three-particle (g 112 , g 123 ) and two-particle (d) correlators are shown in Fig. 3 Similarly, ALICE [203] divided their data in each collision centrality according to q 2 . In order to remove the trivial multiplicity dilution effect, the correlator ∆γ is scaled by the charged-particle density dN ch /dη in a given centrality.…”

Section: Charge-dependent Two-and Three-particle Correlatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such a variation would be encoded in the variation of q 2 bins, hence the POI v 2 . Thus, ALICE modeled the magnetic field as function of v 2 , B(v 2 ), using different Monte Carlo (MC) Glauber calculations: MC-Glauber, MC-KLN CGC and EKRT models [203]. Specifically, the CME signal is considered to be proportional to |B| 2 cos 2(ψ B − ψ 2 ) , Figure 18: (Color online) The charged-particle density scaled azimuthal correlator, ∆γ · dN ch /dη, as a function of v 2 for q 2 shape-selected events at various centralities in Pb+Pb collisions by ALICE.…”

Section: Charge-dependent Two-and Three-particle Correlatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…MC Glauber calculations of the spatial eccentricity and the magnetic field strength in Ru+Ru and Zr+Zr collisions have been carried out [216,217]. The Woods-Saxon density distribution is used [216,217], The fraction of the possible CME signal (in percentage) in the measured inclusive ∆γ inc observable with respect to the event plane (participant plane) at the LHC by ALICE [203] and CMS [169] and at RHIC by STAR [205]. All results were obtained from charged hadrons except the m inv method from STAR where charged pions were used, 0. where R 0 is the charge radius parameter of the nucleus, a ≈ 0.46 fm is the surface diffuseness parameter, Y 0 2 is the spherical harmonic, and ρ 0 is the normalization factor.…”

Section: 1 Isobaric Collisionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The chiral magnetic effect (CME) in quantum chromodynamics (QCD) refers to a charge separation (an electric current) of chirality imbalanced quarks generated along an external strong magnetic field. The chirality imbalance results from interactions of quarks, under the approximate chiral symmetry restoration, with metastable local domains of gluon fields of non-zero topological charges out of QCD vacuum fluctuations. Those local domains violate the P and CP invariance, potentially offering a solution to the strong CP problem in explaining the magnitude of the matterantimatter asymmetry in today's universe. Relativistic heavy-ion collisions, with the likely creation of the high energy density quark-gluon plasma and restoration of the approximate chiral symmetry, and the possibly long-lived strong magnetic field, provide a unique opportunity to detect the CME. Early measurements of the CME-induced charge separation in heavy-ion collisions are dominated by physics backgrounds. Major efforts have been devoted to eliminate or reduce those backgrounds. We review those efforts, with a somewhat historical perspective, and focus on the recent innovative experimental undertakings in the search for the CME in heavy-ion collisions.Keywords: heavy-ion collisions, chiral magnetic effect, three-point correlator, elliptic flow background, invariant mass, harmonic plane Our universe started from the Big Bang singularity [1] with equal amounts of matter and antimatter, but is today dominated by only matter. No significant concentration of antimatter has ever been found in the observable universe [2]. This matter-antimatter asymmetry is caused by CP (chargeconjugation parity) violation, a slight difference in the physics governing matter and antimatter [3,4], as in e.g. electroweak baryogenesis [5,6]. CP is violated in the weak interaction but the magnitude of the CKM quark-sector CP violation [7,8] is too small to explain the present universe matter-antimatter asymmetry [9]. It is unclear whether the lepton-sector CP violation through leptogenesis [3,10] is large enough to account for the matter-antimatter asymmetry. CP violation in the strong interaction in the early universe may be needed. CP violation is not prohibited in the strong interaction [11] but none has been experimentally observed [12,13]. This is called the strong CP problem [11,14]. To solve the strong CP problem, Peccei and Quinn [14,15] proposed to extend the QCD (quantum chromodynamics) Lagrangian by a CP-violating θ term, first introduced by 't Hooft [16,17] in resolving the axial U (1) problem [18]. It predicts the existence of a new particle called the axion. If axions exist, they would not only offer a solution to the strong CP problem, but could also be a dark matter candidate [19]. On the other hand, the Peccei-Quinn mechanism would remove the large, flavour diagonal CP violation, precluding a solution to the strong CP problem to arise from QCD. However, axions have not been detected after four decades of search since its conception [20,21].Here, we concent...

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Section: Innovative Background Removal Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Event-shape Engineeringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Charge-dependent Two-and Three-particle Correlatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Charge-dependent Two-and Three-particle Correlatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: 1 Isobaric Collisionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental searches for the chiral magnetic effect in heavy-ion collisions

Zhao

Wang

2019

Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics

104

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Strange and Non-Strange D-meson Production in pp, p-Pb, and Pb-Pb Collisions with ALICE at the LHC

Grosa

2021

Springer Theses

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The perspectives of improved measurements with the application of machine-learning techniques for the selection of the D-meson signal and with the upgrade of the ALICE Inner Tracking System (ITS), planned for the LHC Run3 in 2020, are discussed.The results presented in this Thesis were approved by the ALICE Collaboration and presented in various conferences. The measurement of the D + s -meson production in pp collisions was published in Ref. [1], the measurement of the D + -meson nuclear modification factors in p-Pb and Pb-Pb collisions in Refs. [2, 3], and the measurement of the D + -meson azimuthal anisotropies in Refs. [4,5]. The perspectives for the ESE measurements with the upgraded ITS were included in Ref. [6]. The measurement of the D + s -meson R AA and the improved measurements of the D + -meson azimuthal anisotropies were approved as preliminary results and will be published soon.

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$$\varvec{\mathrm { D^+}}$$ Event-Shape Engineering Studies in Pb–Pb Collisions at $$\varvec{\sqrt{s_\mathrm {NN}}}=5.02~\mathrm {TeV}$$

Grosa

2021

Springer Theses

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Constraining the magnitude of the Chiral Magnetic Effect with Event Shape Engineering in Pb–Pb collisions at sNN=2.76 TeV

Cited by 83 publications

References 119 publications

Experimental searches for the chiral magnetic effect in heavy-ion collisions

Experimental searches for the chiral magnetic effect in heavy-ion collisions

Strange and Non-Strange D-meson Production in pp, p-Pb, and Pb-Pb Collisions with ALICE at the LHC

$$\varvec{\mathrm { D^+}}$$ Event-Shape Engineering Studies in Pb–Pb Collisions at $$\varvec{\sqrt{s_\mathrm {NN}}}=5.02~\mathrm {TeV}$$

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