Constraining particle size‐dependent plume sedimentation from the 17 June 1996 eruption of Ruapehu Volcano, New Zealand, using geophysical inversions

Klawonn, M.; Frazer, L. Neil; Wolfe, Cecily J.; Houghton, B. F.; Rosenberg, M. D.

doi:10.1002/2013jb010387

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 40 publications

(61 reference statements)

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“…The variability of the thickness data is determined as the standard deviation of 5 to 8 thickness measurements at a single location, and is between 17 and 2%. The uncertainty on isopach areas is determined following the results from Klawonn et al [2014], as 30% for the two most distal isopach lines (displayed in Figure 1b), and 10% in the medial area of the deposit (7 to 20 km from vent). No proximal isopach lines were mapped due to the absence of thickness and mass per unit area measurements within 7 km from the vent.…”

Section: Fallout Deposit (Vent-derived and Co-pdc Contributions)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mass budget partitioning during explosive eruptions: insights from the 2006 paroxysm of Tungurahua volcano, Ecuador

Bernard

Eychenne

Pennec

et al. 2016

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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International audienceHow and how much the mass of juvenile magma is split between vent-derived tephra, PDC deposits and lavas (i.e., mass partition) is related to eruption dynamics and style. Estimating such mass partitioning budgets may reveal important for hazard evaluation purposes. We calculated the volume of each product emplaced during the August 2006 paroxysmal eruption of Tungurahua volcano (Ecuador) and converted it into masses using high-resolution grainsize, componentry and density data. This data set is one of the first complete descriptions of mass partitioning associated with a VEI 3 andesitic event. The scoria fall deposit, near-vent agglutinate and lava flow include 28, 16 and 12 wt. % of the erupted juvenile mass, respectively. Much (44 wt. %) of the juvenile material fed Pyroclastic Density Currents (i.e., dense flows, dilute surges and co-PDC plumes), highlighting that tephra fall deposits do not depict adequately the size and fragmentation processes of moderate PDC-forming event. The main parameters controlling the mass partitioning are the type of magmatic fragmentation, conditions of magma ascent, and crater area topography. Comparisons of our data set with other PDC-forming eruptions of different style and magma composition suggest that moderate andesitic eruptions are more prone to produce PDCs, in proportions, than any other eruption type. This finding may be explained by the relatively low magmatic fragmentation efficiency of moderate andesitic eruptions. These mass partitioning data reveal important trends that may be critical for hazard assessment, notably at frequently active andesitic edifices

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Section: Fallout Deposit (Vent-derived and Co-pdc Contributions)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mass budget partitioning during explosive eruptions: insights from the 2006 paroxysm of Tungurahua volcano, Ecuador

Bernard

Eychenne

Pennec

et al. 2016

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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“…A number of inversion algorithms have been proposed to estimate eruption parameters from tephra fallout deposits. These include grid search methods [Pfeiffer et al, 2005], linear inversions that make assumptions about the geometry of the eruption column, wind field and/or granulometry distribution [Bonasia et al, 2010;Klawonn et al, 2012Klawonn et al, , 2014, and nonlinear methods such as the downhill simplex method [Connor and Connor, 2006;Volentik et al, 2010].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient inversion and uncertainty quantification of a tephra fallout model

White

Connor

et al. 2017

JGR Solid Earth

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An efficient and effective inversion and uncertainty quantification approach is proposed for estimating eruption parameters given a data set collected from a tephra deposit. The approach is model independent and here is applied using Tephra2, a code that simulates advective and dispersive tephra transport and deposition. The Levenburg‐Marquardt algorithm is combined with formal Tikhonov and subspace regularization to invert eruption parameters; a linear equation for conditional uncertainty propagation is used to estimate posterior parameter uncertainty. Both the inversion and uncertainty analysis support simultaneous analysis of the full eruption and wind field parameterization. The combined inversion/uncertainty quantification approach is applied to the 1992 eruption of Cerro Negro and the 2011 Kirishima‐Shinmoedake eruption. While eruption mass uncertainty is reduced by inversion against tephra isomass data, considerable uncertainty remains for many eruption and wind field parameters, such as plume height. Supplementing the inversion data set with tephra granulometry data is shown to further reduce the uncertainty of most eruption and wind field parameters. The eruption mass of the 2011 Kirishima‐Shinmoedake eruption is 0.82 × 1010 kg to 2.6 × 1010 kg, with 95% confidence; total eruption mass for the 1992 Cerro Negro eruption is 4.2 × 1010 kg to 7.3 × 1010 kg, with 95% confidence. These results indicate that eruption classification and characterization of eruption parameters can be significantly improved through this uncertainty quantification approach.

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“…As stated in several papers (Carey and Sigurdsson 1982;Bonadonna et al 2016;Taddeucci et al 2011;Brown et al 2012b;Klawonn et al 2014a), particle aggregation can significantly affect the dispersal process and the tephra depositional pattern. For this reason, we extend our study considering a simple aggregation process occurring within the margin of the column, as proposed by Textor et al (2006).…”

Section: Aggregationmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…To this aim, we use a Monte Carlo method, perturbing the data with a random uniform error on isomass squared root areas. A range of ±10 %, similar to the uncertainty estimated in Klawonn et al (2014a) when drawing isopach by hand, is used. Afterwards, we express the confidence interval with the 5 th and 95 th percentiles (see error bar in Fig.…”

Section: Comparison With Reconstruction Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reconstructing eruptive source parameters from tephra deposit: a numerical study of medium-sized explosive eruptions at Etna volcano

2016

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Since the 1970s, multiple reconstruction techniques have been proposed and are currently used, to extrapolate and quantify eruptive parameters from sampled tephra fall deposit datasets. Atmospheric transport and deposition processes strongly control the spatial distribution of tephra deposit; therefore, a large uncertainty affects mass derived estimations especially for fall layer that are not well exposed. This paper has two main aims: the first is to analyse the sensitivity to the deposit sampling strategy of reconstruction techniques. The second is to assess whether there are differences between the modelled values for emitted mass and grainsize, versus values estimated from the deposits. We find significant differences and propose a new correction strategy. A numerical approach is demonstrated by simulating with a dispersal code a mild explosive event occurring at Mt. Now at Icelandic Meteorological Office, Reykjavík, Iceland using available tephra information collected after the eruption. A full synthetic deposit is created by integrating the deposited mass computed by the model over the computational domain (i.e., an area of 7.5 × 10 4 km 2 ). A statistical analysis based on 2000 sampling tests of 50 sampling points shows a large variability, up to 50 % for all the reconstruction techniques. Moreover, for some test examples Power Law errors are larger than estimated uncertainty. A similar analysis, on simulated grain-size classes, shows how spatial sampling limitations strongly reduce the utility of available information on the total grain size distribution. For example, information on particles coarser than φ(−4) is completely lost when sampling at 1.5 km from the vent for all columns with heights less than 2000 m above the vent. To correct for this effect an optimal sampling strategy and a new reconstruction method are presented. A sensitivity study shows that our method can be extended to a wide range of eruptive scenarios including those in which aggregation processes are important. The new correction method allows an estimate of the deficiency for each simulated class in calculated mass deposited, providing reliable estimation of uncertainties in the reconstructed total (whole deposit) grainsize distribution.

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Constraining particle size‐dependent plume sedimentation from the 17 June 1996 eruption of Ruapehu Volcano, New Zealand, using geophysical inversions

Cited by 16 publications

References 40 publications

Mass budget partitioning during explosive eruptions: insights from the 2006 paroxysm of Tungurahua volcano, Ecuador

Mass budget partitioning during explosive eruptions: insights from the 2006 paroxysm of Tungurahua volcano, Ecuador

Efficient inversion and uncertainty quantification of a tephra fallout model

Reconstructing eruptive source parameters from tephra deposit: a numerical study of medium-sized explosive eruptions at Etna volcano

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