“…Researchers have speculated about the mechanisms of RNA and protein phloem transport/co-transport, in regard to tissue specificity (Wang J. et al, 2017;Kehr and Kragler, 2018), whether specific structural sequences are required (Kim et al, 2001;Haywood et al, 2005;Huang and Yu, 2009;Ham et al, 2009;Zhang W. et al, 2016;Yang et al, 2019), and the role of RNA-binding proteins (Yoo et al, 2004;Ham et al, 2009;Ostendorp et al, 2017). Generally, research on grafted vegetables has mainly focused on stress resistance (Rouphael et al, 2008;Yu et al, 2017), graft compatibility (Ren et al, 2018), hormonal responses (Albacete et al, 2009;Gaion et al, 2018), and long-distance transport signals in vascular systems (Lin et al, 2007;Li et al, 2013;Zhang et al, 2018;Huang et al, 2018). Nevertheless, "omics" analyses are direct and rapid methods of detecting and identifying mobile and differentially expressed substances (Yu et al, 2017), such as DEGs (Xu et al, 2016), DEMs (Ren et al, 2018), and DAPs (Xu et al, 2018) in grafted vegetables; however, results obtained from "omics" datasets need to be verified by combining more biological experiments, such as fluorescence quantitative analysis of gene expression pattern.…”